{"title":"Elevated <i>Stanniocalcin-1</i> Expression in Uveal Melanoma Predicts Poor Patient Prognosis.","authors":"Shin-Nosuke Yamashita, Yoshiatsu Tanaka, Shajedul Islam, Honoka Kotake, Maki Tanaka, Takao Kitagawa, Kazuhiro Tokuda, Durga Paudel, Sarita Giri, Tohru Ohta, Fumiya Harada, Hiroki Nagayasu, Yasuhiro Kuramitsu","doi":"10.21873/cgp.20526","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Uveal melanoma (UVM) is the most prevalent primary intraocular malignancy, accounting for 3-5% of all melanomas. Despite its rarity, particularly in Japan (~2 cases per 100,000 individuals annually), UVM exhibits highly aggressive behavior, with nearly 50% of patients developing distant metastases. Once metastasized, the prognosis remains dismal, with a median survival of only 4-5 months. Identifying prognostic biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets is imperative to improve clinical outcomes. Stanniocalcin-1 (STC-1) is a glycoprotein hormone implicated in calcium and phosphate homeostasis. Recent studies have linked <i>STC-1</i> overexpression to tumor progression, poor prognosis, and increased metastatic potential in various malignancies. However, the prognostic significance and mechanistic role of STC-1 in UVM remain unexplored.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>To elucidate the clinical relevance of <i>STC-1</i> in UVM, we analyzed publicly available transcriptomic datasets using GEPIA2 and UALCAN, assessing <i>STC-1</i> mRNA expression across disease stages and its correlation with patient survival. In parallel, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) datasets were utilized to identify the cellular sources of <i>STC-1</i> within the UVM tumor microenvironment and to investigate its association with specific functional cellular states.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong><i>STC-1</i> expression was significantly up-regulated in stage IV UVM tumors compared to stage III (<i>n</i>=4 and 36, respectively). Moreover, elevated <i>STC-1</i> expression was inversely correlated with overall survival, suggesting its potential role in disease progression. scRNA-seq analysis revealed that <i>STC-1</i> is expressed by both tumor cells and fibroblasts, indicating a possible cooperative mechanism that may drive tumor progression.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that <i>STC-1</i> serves as a potential prognostic biomarker in UVM, providing novel insights into its role in tumor biology. Further investigation is warranted to explore its therapeutic implications and mechanistic contributions to UVM progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":9516,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Genomics & Proteomics","volume":"22 4","pages":"624-631"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6000,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Cancer Genomics & Proteomics","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.21873/cgp.20526","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"GENETICS & HEREDITY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background/aim: Uveal melanoma (UVM) is the most prevalent primary intraocular malignancy, accounting for 3-5% of all melanomas. Despite its rarity, particularly in Japan (~2 cases per 100,000 individuals annually), UVM exhibits highly aggressive behavior, with nearly 50% of patients developing distant metastases. Once metastasized, the prognosis remains dismal, with a median survival of only 4-5 months. Identifying prognostic biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets is imperative to improve clinical outcomes. Stanniocalcin-1 (STC-1) is a glycoprotein hormone implicated in calcium and phosphate homeostasis. Recent studies have linked STC-1 overexpression to tumor progression, poor prognosis, and increased metastatic potential in various malignancies. However, the prognostic significance and mechanistic role of STC-1 in UVM remain unexplored.
Materials and methods: To elucidate the clinical relevance of STC-1 in UVM, we analyzed publicly available transcriptomic datasets using GEPIA2 and UALCAN, assessing STC-1 mRNA expression across disease stages and its correlation with patient survival. In parallel, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) datasets were utilized to identify the cellular sources of STC-1 within the UVM tumor microenvironment and to investigate its association with specific functional cellular states.
Results: STC-1 expression was significantly up-regulated in stage IV UVM tumors compared to stage III (n=4 and 36, respectively). Moreover, elevated STC-1 expression was inversely correlated with overall survival, suggesting its potential role in disease progression. scRNA-seq analysis revealed that STC-1 is expressed by both tumor cells and fibroblasts, indicating a possible cooperative mechanism that may drive tumor progression.
Conclusion: These findings suggest that STC-1 serves as a potential prognostic biomarker in UVM, providing novel insights into its role in tumor biology. Further investigation is warranted to explore its therapeutic implications and mechanistic contributions to UVM progression.
期刊介绍:
Cancer Genomics & Proteomics (CGP) is an international peer-reviewed journal designed to publish rapidly high quality articles and reviews on the application of genomic and proteomic technology to basic, experimental and clinical cancer research. In this site you may find information concerning the editorial board, editorial policy, issue contents, subscriptions, submission of manuscripts and advertising. The first issue of CGP circulated in January 2004.
Cancer Genomics & Proteomics is a journal of the International Institute of Anticancer Research. From January 2013 CGP is converted to an online-only open access journal.
Cancer Genomics & Proteomics supports (a) the aims and the research projects of the INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ANTICANCER RESEARCH and (b) the organization of the INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCES OF ANTICANCER RESEARCH.