Update on long- and short-acting contraceptive methods.

Abstract

Long-acting reversible contraceptive methods, including the contraceptive implant and intrauterine devices, are highly effective and cost-effective options for women who have no specific contraindications. Long-acting reversible contraceptives are more effective at reducing unintended pregnancy than short-acting contraceptives. Short-acting contraceptive methods consist of combined hormonal contraception (e.g. the combined oral contraceptive pill, vaginal ring), progestogen-only pills, and the progestogen-containing contraceptive injection. Choice of contraception is based on factors such as medical eligibility (i.e. precautions, contraindications), patient preference and reproductive life stage. Counselling patients on the benefits and risks of all contraceptive methods is important for informed decision-making. Regular contraceptive review can allow for patient education and monitoring of adverse effects.