{"title":"Effects of Dexmedetomidine on Acute Kidney Injury and Perioperative Outcomes in Aortic Vascular Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Tallal Mushtaq Hashmi, Hadiah Ashraf, Muhammad Burhan, Rohma Zia, Mushood Ahmed, Raheel Ahmed, Majid Toseef Aized","doi":"10.1177/10892532251346645","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Dexmedetomidine, a highly selective α2-adrenergic receptor agonist, may help mitigate postoperative complications in patients undergoing aortic vascular surgery. <b>Methodology:</b> A comprehensive search was conducted across PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and Embase to identify studies assessing the efficacy and safety of dexmedetomidine compared with placebo in patients undergoing aortic vascular surgery. A random effects meta-analysis was performed with R version 4.4.1 using the \"meta\" package. <b>Results:</b> Our analysis included eleven studies, comprising eight RCTs and three cohort studies, with a combined total of 1731 patients. The results showed that dexmedetomidine significantly reduced acute kidney injury (OR 0.49, 95% CI 0.25 to 0.98), ICU length of stay (MD -0.25 days, 95% CI -0.47 to -0.02), postoperative pulmonary complications (OR 0.55, 95% CI 0.32 to 0.94), and CRP levels 24 h post-surgery (MD -24.73 mg/L, 95% CI -46.29 to -3.16) compared to the control group. The length of hospital stay (MD -0.87 days, 95% CI -2.57 to 1.01), postoperative delirium (OR 0.78, 95% CI 0.43 to 1.42), and in-hospital mortality (OR 0.57, 95% CI 0.29 to 1.12) were not significantly different between the two groups. <b>Conclusion:</b> In patients undergoing aortic vascular surgery, dexmedetomidine administration is associated with reduced acute kidney injury, length of ICU stay, postoperative pulmonary complications, and CRP levels 24 h post-surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":46500,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia","volume":" ","pages":"10892532251346645"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1000,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Seminars in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10892532251346645","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"ANESTHESIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: Dexmedetomidine, a highly selective α2-adrenergic receptor agonist, may help mitigate postoperative complications in patients undergoing aortic vascular surgery. Methodology: A comprehensive search was conducted across PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and Embase to identify studies assessing the efficacy and safety of dexmedetomidine compared with placebo in patients undergoing aortic vascular surgery. A random effects meta-analysis was performed with R version 4.4.1 using the "meta" package. Results: Our analysis included eleven studies, comprising eight RCTs and three cohort studies, with a combined total of 1731 patients. The results showed that dexmedetomidine significantly reduced acute kidney injury (OR 0.49, 95% CI 0.25 to 0.98), ICU length of stay (MD -0.25 days, 95% CI -0.47 to -0.02), postoperative pulmonary complications (OR 0.55, 95% CI 0.32 to 0.94), and CRP levels 24 h post-surgery (MD -24.73 mg/L, 95% CI -46.29 to -3.16) compared to the control group. The length of hospital stay (MD -0.87 days, 95% CI -2.57 to 1.01), postoperative delirium (OR 0.78, 95% CI 0.43 to 1.42), and in-hospital mortality (OR 0.57, 95% CI 0.29 to 1.12) were not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusion: In patients undergoing aortic vascular surgery, dexmedetomidine administration is associated with reduced acute kidney injury, length of ICU stay, postoperative pulmonary complications, and CRP levels 24 h post-surgery.