It Takes a Village: Unpacking Contextual Factors Influencing Caregiving in Urban Poor Neighbourhoods of Bangalore, South India.

IF 2.4 4区 医学 Q2 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES
Eunice Lobo, Giridhara Rathnaiah Babu, Debarati Mukherjee, Onno C P van Schayck, Prashanth Nuggehalli Srinivas
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Caregivers in urban settings often face unique challenges in providing nurturing care. This qualitative study explores the complex realities of caregiving among mothers and grandmothers in urban poor neighbourhoods of Bangalore, South India. Grounded in Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory, this is the first study in urban India that examines how caregivers' perceptions, along with individual and systemic factors, shape caregiving practices in this setting. Methods: In-depth interviews (IDIs) were conducted with 22 mothers and grandmothers of 4-6-year-old children from the urban MAASTHI cohort in Bangalore, South India. Topic guides were developed, pre-tested, and piloted. IDIs were conducted in local languages (Kannada and Hindi). Transcripts were coded using NVivo 12 plus and analyzed via a thematic analysis approach using Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems framework to organize themes. Findings: At the microsystem level, caregivers engaged with children through storytelling and play, though competing demands like household chores often constrained these interactions. Disciplining techniques varied, and the absence of fathers placed additional burdens on mothers. The mesosystem revealed the critical role of extended family in providing support. At the exosystem level, unsafe neighbourhoods limited children's opportunities for outdoor play. The macrosystem highlighted how religious values provided moral frameworks for parenting and the presence of stigma against single mothers. The chronosystem explored declining social support over time and challenges. Conclusions: These findings emphasize that caregiving inequities are not isolated but structurally embedded, demanding interventions that address sociocultural, economic, and spatial barriers to equitable support for caregivers, particularly those in disadvantaged settings. It calls for context-sensitive interventions, including community-based parenting programmes including maternal well-being, strengthening community and public support systems, improving safe play spaces, and longitudinal research. By amplifying marginalized caregivers' voices, this research highlights the need for policies that support nurturing care in low-resource settings to break intergenerational cycles of disadvantage.

它需要一个村庄:在南印度班加罗尔的城市贫困社区中,分析影响护理的环境因素。
背景:城市环境中的护理人员在提供养育护理方面经常面临独特的挑战。本定性研究探讨了在印度南部班加罗尔城市贫困社区的母亲和祖母照顾的复杂现实。以布朗芬布伦纳的生态系统理论为基础,这是第一个在印度城市进行的研究,该研究考察了护理者的观念,以及个人和系统因素,如何在这种情况下塑造护理实践。方法:对来自印度南部班加罗尔城市MAASTHI队列的22名4-6岁儿童的母亲和祖母进行深度访谈(IDIs)。主题指南被开发、预先测试和试用。调查以当地语言(卡纳达语和印地语)进行。转录本使用NVivo 12 plus编码,并使用Bronfenbrenner的生态系统框架组织主题,通过主题分析方法进行分析。研究发现:在微系统层面,照顾者通过讲故事和游戏与孩子互动,尽管家务等竞争需求经常限制这些互动。管教方法各不相同,父亲的缺席给母亲带来了额外的负担。中系统揭示了大家庭在提供支持方面的关键作用。在外部系统层面,不安全的社区限制了儿童户外玩耍的机会。宏观系统强调了宗教价值观如何为养育子女和对单身母亲的耻辱提供道德框架。时间系统探索了随着时间和挑战而减少的社会支持。结论:这些研究结果强调,护理不平等不是孤立的,而是结构性的,需要采取干预措施,解决社会文化、经济和空间障碍,以公平地支持护理人员,特别是那些处于不利环境中的护理人员。它要求采取对环境敏感的干预措施,包括以社区为基础的养育规划,包括孕产妇福祉,加强社区和公共支持系统,改善安全的游戏空间,以及纵向研究。通过放大边缘化照顾者的声音,本研究强调需要制定政策,支持在低资源环境中培育护理,以打破不利的代际循环。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Healthcare
Healthcare Medicine-Health Policy
CiteScore
3.50
自引率
7.10%
发文量
0
审稿时长
47 days
期刊介绍: Healthcare (ISSN 2227-9032) is an international, peer-reviewed, open access journal (free for readers), which publishes original theoretical and empirical work in the interdisciplinary area of all aspects of medicine and health care research. Healthcare publishes Original Research Articles, Reviews, Case Reports, Research Notes and Short Communications. We encourage researchers to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. For theoretical papers, full details of proofs must be provided so that the results can be checked; for experimental papers, full experimental details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced. Additionally, electronic files or software regarding the full details of the calculations, experimental procedure, etc., can be deposited along with the publication as “Supplementary Material”.
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