{"title":"Cyber-Physical Real-Time Digital Simulation for Cybersecurity Analysis in Microgrids","authors":"Dongmeng Qiu;Mengxiang Liu;Rui Zhang;Tianyu Luo;Antonio Griffo;Xin Zhang","doi":"10.1109/TICPS.2025.3569640","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"The rapid power grid digitalisation is increasingly addressing the importance of a real-time and high-fidelity cyber-physical co-simulation platform, which enables risk-free validation before the real-world implementation, especially for the cybersecurity research. Existing related works mainly focus on the impact analysis of attacks in massive power grid scenarios, while a thorough investigation regarding the implementation framework, cybersecurity analysis, and suitability assessment is lacking. Towards this end, we first propose a general implementation framework for real-time leader-follower and time-stepped co-simulation schemes, which are used to establish two cyber-physical co-simulation platforms based on off-the-shelf power and communication simulators. Then, thorough cybersecurity studies are conducted to showcase the relations between co-simulation configurations such as the communication network topology and attack compatibility. Finally, a set of metrics derived from synchronization computational overhead, latency, simulation scalability, and attack compatibility is presented to assess the suitability of a co-simulation platform for cybersecurity research. Recommendations are given to provide guidelines for industry practitioners and academia researchers in the establishment of cyber-physical co-simulation platforms that drive cybersecurity advancements.","PeriodicalId":100640,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Cyber-Physical Systems","volume":"3 ","pages":"429-441"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Cyber-Physical Systems","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/11003158/","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The rapid power grid digitalisation is increasingly addressing the importance of a real-time and high-fidelity cyber-physical co-simulation platform, which enables risk-free validation before the real-world implementation, especially for the cybersecurity research. Existing related works mainly focus on the impact analysis of attacks in massive power grid scenarios, while a thorough investigation regarding the implementation framework, cybersecurity analysis, and suitability assessment is lacking. Towards this end, we first propose a general implementation framework for real-time leader-follower and time-stepped co-simulation schemes, which are used to establish two cyber-physical co-simulation platforms based on off-the-shelf power and communication simulators. Then, thorough cybersecurity studies are conducted to showcase the relations between co-simulation configurations such as the communication network topology and attack compatibility. Finally, a set of metrics derived from synchronization computational overhead, latency, simulation scalability, and attack compatibility is presented to assess the suitability of a co-simulation platform for cybersecurity research. Recommendations are given to provide guidelines for industry practitioners and academia researchers in the establishment of cyber-physical co-simulation platforms that drive cybersecurity advancements.