Magneto-dielectric composites synthesized using industrial waste

IF 2.5 3区材料科学 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials Pub Date : 2025-06-25 DOI:10.1016/j.jmmm.2025.173306

Sunil Kumar , Shiffali Middha , Sajan Masih , Arshdeep Kaur , Jaswinder Pal , Norah Alhokbany , Jahangeer Ahmed , Gurpreet Singh , López-García , Satvir Singh , Nitin Tandon , Indu Sharma , Arvind Kumar Sharma , Anupinder Singh

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Abstract

Coal Ash (CA) is an industrial waste procured from brick klin as waste obtained during the firing of raw bricks using rock coal, whereas BaTiO₃ (BT) & KNaNbO₃ (KNN) well well-known ferroelectric perovskites synthesized in the laboratory using conventional solid solution approach. Multiferroic composites of _0.5Coal Ash-_0.5BaTiO₃ & _0.5Coal Ash-_0.5KNaNbO₃ have been synthesized by mechanical mixing approach of Coal Ash collected from brick clan and as-synthesized BaTiO₃ & KNaNbO₃. Structural phases present in Coal Ash have been analyzed according to metal ions confirmed from energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy whereas diffraction peaks correspond to the tetragonal phase of BaTiO₃ and monoclinic phase of KNaNbO₃ in prepared composites of CA & BT, KNN confirmed the successful synthesis of ceramic composites mentioned above. Morphological analysis has been carried out by scanning the surface of sintered pellets using an electron microscope, whereas energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) gives details of different elements present in studied samples. S-shaped magnetic hysteresis (Magnetization vs. Magnetic field hysteresis) manifests magnetic ordering in composites of Coal Ash & non-magnetic ferroelectric BT & KNN. The magnetic behavior of ceramic composites mainly due to different magnetic particles were present during coal combustion confirmed from x-ray diffraction analysis as well as presence of Fe metal ion confirmed from EDS spectroscopy. ε’ & ε“ and σ_ac vs frequency evident for enhanced dielectric and conducting properties of multiferroic composites by processing Coal Ash with BT & KNN and ‘α’ (Obtained from Fitting of Dielectric data) determined the deviation in dielectric behavior of ceramic composites from normal Debye behavior. The change in the value of dielectric permittivity in the presence and absence of a magnetic field stamped for the presence of magneto-dielectric response in _0.5Coal Ash-_0.5BaTiO₃ & _0.5Coal Ash-_0.5KNaNbO₃ multiferroic composites.

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利用工业废料合成磁介电复合材料

煤灰（CA）是一种工业废物，是由砖窑产生的废物，是使用岩煤烧制原砖时产生的废物，而BaTiO3 (BT) &；KNaNbO3 （KNN）是众所周知的铁电钙钛矿，采用传统的固溶体方法在实验室合成。0.5煤灰-0.5 batio3多铁复合材料以砖系收集的粉煤灰与合成的BaTiO3为原料，采用机械混合法合成0.5粉煤灰-0.5 knanbo3；KNaNbO3。根据能量色散x射线光谱所证实的金属离子，对粉煤灰中存在的结构相进行了分析，在制备的CA &复合材料中，衍射峰对应于BaTiO3的四方相和KNaNbO3的单斜相；BT、KNN证实了上述陶瓷复合材料的成功合成。形态学分析是通过使用电子显微镜扫描烧结颗粒的表面进行的，而能量色散光谱（EDS）给出了研究样品中存在的不同元素的细节。s型磁滞回（磁化磁滞回vs磁场磁滞回）在粉煤灰复合材料中表现为磁有序；非磁性铁电BT &；资讯。煤燃烧过程中陶瓷复合材料的磁性行为主要是由不同的磁性颗粒引起的，x射线衍射分析证实了陶瓷复合材料的磁性行为，能谱分析证实了陶瓷复合材料中存在铁离子。ε’,ε”和σac随频率的变化对粉煤灰处理后的多铁复合材料的介电性能和导电性能有显著影响；KNN和‘ α ’（由介电数据拟合得到）决定了陶瓷复合材料介电行为与正常德拜行为的偏差。0.5Coal Ash-0.5BaTiO3 &中存在和不存在磁场时介电常数值的变化0.5煤灰-0.5 knanbo3多铁复合材料。

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来源期刊

Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 物理-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

5.30

自引率

11.10%

发文量

1149

审稿时长

59 days

期刊介绍： The Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials provides an important forum for the disclosure and discussion of original contributions covering the whole spectrum of topics, from basic magnetism to the technology and applications of magnetic materials. The journal encourages greater interaction between the basic and applied sub-disciplines of magnetism with comprehensive review articles, in addition to full-length contributions. In addition, other categories of contributions are welcome, including Critical Focused issues, Current Perspectives and Outreach to the General Public. Main Categories: Full-length articles: Technically original research documents that report results of value to the communities that comprise the journal audience. The link between chemical, structural and microstructural properties on the one hand and magnetic properties on the other hand are encouraged. In addition to general topics covering all areas of magnetism and magnetic materials, the full-length articles also include three sub-sections, focusing on Nanomagnetism, Spintronics and Applications. The sub-section on Nanomagnetism contains articles on magnetic nanoparticles, nanowires, thin films, 2D materials and other nanoscale magnetic materials and their applications. The sub-section on Spintronics contains articles on magnetoresistance, magnetoimpedance, magneto-optical phenomena, Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS), and other topics related to spin current control and magneto-transport phenomena. The sub-section on Applications display papers that focus on applications of magnetic materials. The applications need to show a connection to magnetism. Review articles: Review articles organize, clarify, and summarize existing major works in the areas covered by the Journal and provide comprehensive citations to the full spectrum of relevant literature.