The Boltzmann principle in the theory of enzymatic catalysis and conformational mobility of biomolecules

Abstract

The fluctuation microdeformations of biomolecules have been analyzed on the basis of Boltzmann principle taking into account their internal thermal dynamics. The “active biomolecule - passive medium” model, which is fundamentally different from the Brownian activation models, is considered. In the frame of that model, the exponential dependence of the reaction-rate constant of non-diffusion-controlled biochemical reactions on the dynamic viscosity of the medium has been obtained. The obtained dependencies are used to explain the experimentally observed deviations of the temperature behavior of the reaction-rate constant of enzymatic reactions from the Arrhenius equation and the influence of the medium viscosity on the conformational mobility of biomolecules.