Keiko Shichiri, Kaity H Tung, Kazuaki Takabe, David L Bartlett
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-CCA) is a rare primary liver carcinoma that is composed of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). Given its low incidence, there is no standardized treatment protocol or systemic regimens. With the development of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), one of the immunotherapies that modulate the immune system by restoring antitumor immune response, studies have shown promising results for the use of ICI as systemic therapy for advanced solid tumors, including liver cancers. Moreover, prospective clinical studies displayed favorable outcomes of the use of ICIs in HCC and biliary tract cancers. Here, we review the recent evidence in application and comparison of ICIs for HCC, CCA, and cHCC-CCA as well as the future direction of systemic therapy for cHCC-CCA.
期刊介绍：
World Journal of Oncology, bimonthly, publishes original contributions describing basic research and clinical investigation of cancer, on the cellular, molecular, prevention, diagnosis, therapy and prognosis aspects. The submissions can be basic research or clinical investigation oriented. This journal welcomes those submissions focused on the clinical trials of new treatment modalities for cancer, and those submissions focused on molecular or cellular research of the oncology pathogenesis. Case reports submitted for consideration of publication should explore either a novel genomic event/description or a new safety signal from an oncolytic agent. The areas of interested manuscripts are these disciplines: tumor immunology and immunotherapy; cancer molecular pharmacology and chemotherapy; drug sensitivity and resistance; cancer epidemiology; clinical trials; cancer pathology; radiobiology and radiation oncology; solid tumor oncology; hematological malignancies; surgical oncology; pediatric oncology; molecular oncology and cancer genes; gene therapy; cancer endocrinology; cancer metastasis; prevention and diagnosis of cancer; other cancer related subjects. The types of manuscripts accepted are original article, review, editorial, short communication, case report, letter to the editor, book review.
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