Analysis of factors associated with length of stay in renal trauma patients: a single-centre retrospective study.

Abstract

Background: Renal trauma represents a critical injury requiring precise management with the length of hospital stay (LOS) serving as a key metric for trauma care. Recognizing the factors contributing to extended LOS is essential for optimizing treatment strategies and enhancing patient outcomes. This study aims to analyse the risk factors influencing LOS in patients with renal trauma.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted at Dr. Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Malang, analysing medical record data of renal trauma patients from 2013 to 2023. Collected variables included demographics, mechanism of injury, associated injuries, hemodynamic status upon admission, injury severity, haemoglobin levels, LOS, management approach, and mortality outcomes. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to assess the impact of each variable on LOS.

Results: 119 renal trauma patients were included. The average age was 40.1 ± 16.86 years, and 77.3% of the participants were male. The average LOS was 6.85 ± 3.85 days. Blunt renal trauma was the predominant mechanism, accounting for 95.8% of cases, while associated injuries were observed in 53.1% of patients. Upon hospital admission, 66.4% of cases presented with stable hemodynamic status, and non-operative management was employed in 92.4% of cases. Prolonged LOS was significantly associated with age, blunt trauma, associated injuries, hemodynamic instability, and low haemoglobin levels in both univariate and multivariate analyses.

Conclusions: Age, mechanism of injury, associated injuries, hemodynamic status at admission, and haemoglobin levels significantly impact LOS in renal trauma patients. Identifying these factors may aid in improving patient management and reducing hospitalization duration.