Photon upconversion sensitized by earth-abundant transition metal complexes.

IF 2.9 3区化学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics Pub Date : 2025-06-20 DOI:10.1039/d5cp00333d

Pengyue Jin,Cui Wang

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Sensitized triplet-triplet annihilation upconversion (sTTA-UC) converts two lower-energy absorbed photons into one emitting photon of higher-energy, and has become a popular approach for a wide range of applications. Current photosensitizers rely mostly on transition metal complexes made of expensive platinum group elements, such as palladium, platinum, and osmium, due to their strong absorption in the visible range, unity intersystem crossing, and long-lived triplet excited lifetimes. In recent years, fundamental breakthroughs have been made with photoactive complexes based on earth-abundant 3d metals including chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, copper, and zinc, and 4d elements like zirconium and molybdenum. These novel complexes offer advantages, such as cost-effectiveness, sustainability, low toxicity, scalability for industrial use, and potential for innovative research in areas including catalysis and energy conversion, making them promising alternatives to noble metal-based photosensitizers in sTTA-UC and other fields. In this review, we delineate the recent advancements in sTTA-UC utilizing photoactive earth-abundant transition metal complexes. We explore their energy transfer mechanisms, evaluate their upconversion performance, discuss their applications, and outline the challenges and perspectives, aiming to offer insights for the development of novel photosensitizers based on earth-abundant metals for future research and applications.

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由地球上丰富的过渡金属配合物敏化的光子上转换。

敏化三重态-三重态湮灭上转换（sTTA-UC）将两个较低能量的吸收光子转换为一个发射高能光子，已经成为一种广泛应用的流行方法。目前的光敏剂主要依赖于由昂贵的铂族元素（如钯、铂和锇）制成的过渡金属配合物，因为它们在可见光范围内吸收强、系统间交叉统一、三重态激发寿命长。近年来，基于地球上丰富的三维金属（包括铬、锰、铁、钴、铜和锌）和四维元素（如锆和钼）的光活性配合物取得了根本性突破。这些新型配合物具有成本效益、可持续性、低毒性、工业应用可扩展性等优点，在催化和能量转换等领域具有创新研究潜力，使其成为sTTA-UC和其他领域贵金属基光敏剂的有希望的替代品。本文综述了利用光活性丰土过渡金属配合物制备sTTA-UC的最新进展。我们探索了它们的能量传递机制，评估了它们的上转换性能，讨论了它们的应用，并概述了它们面临的挑战和前景，旨在为未来基于地球丰富金属的新型光敏剂的研究和应用提供见解。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 化学-物理：原子、分子和化学物理

CiteScore

5.50

自引率

9.10%

发文量

2675

审稿时长

2.0 months

期刊介绍： Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics (PCCP) is an international journal co-owned by 19 physical chemistry and physics societies from around the world. This journal publishes original, cutting-edge research in physical chemistry, chemical physics and biophysical chemistry. To be suitable for publication in PCCP, articles must include significant innovation and/or insight into physical chemistry; this is the most important criterion that reviewers and Editors will judge against when evaluating submissions. The journal has a broad scope and welcomes contributions spanning experiment, theory, computation and data science. Topical coverage includes spectroscopy, dynamics, kinetics, statistical mechanics, thermodynamics, electrochemistry, catalysis, surface science, quantum mechanics, quantum computing and machine learning. Interdisciplinary research areas such as polymers and soft matter, materials, nanoscience, energy, surfaces/interfaces, and biophysical chemistry are welcomed if they demonstrate significant innovation and/or insight into physical chemistry. Joined experimental/theoretical studies are particularly appreciated when complementary and based on up-to-date approaches.