Unrevealing emphysematous gastritis: Insight from a comprehensive systematic review

IF 2.6 4区医学 Q2 GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY

Clinics and research in hepatology and gastroenterology Pub Date : 2025-06-16 DOI:10.1016/j.clinre.2025.102638

Mohamed Elnaggar , Omar F Abbas , Roaa Haddad , Mohamed Mohsen Helal , Hala AbouShawareb , Alaa Abdrabou Abouelmagd , Abdullah Almarfadi , Ahmed Galal Amer , Yousif Ahmad Hanafi Hussein , Motasem Ayoub , Mohamed Ayman Ebrahim , Mohamed A. Aldemerdash , Ismail Elkhattib , Mohamed Ghallab , Hatem Eltaly , Mohamed Abd El Aziz , Neil Parikh

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Emphysematous Gastritis is a rare condition, characterized by the presence of gas within the gastric wall. It is associated with a high mortality rate, but early diagnosis and treatment can significantly reduce mortality and improve patient outcomes.

Methodology

For this systematic review, we searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase from inception until October 2024 to find relevant case reports or case series on emphysematous gastritis.

Results

A 116 case report and case series revealed that patient ages ranged from 4 months to 96 years (mean age: 55), male (55 %). Most cases were reported in Asia and the USA. The majority of symptoms were 90 % abdominal pain, and 80 % vomiting and nausea. Infection of the gastric wall by gas-forming organisms was commonly Sarcina ventriculi. Abdominal CT scans identified emphysematous changes in 95 % of cases. Endoscopic examinations revealed Gastric Mucosal Erythema in 80 % of patients, with elevated leukocytosis in 80 % of cases. The majority of the recovery rate was 70 %, and the mortality rate was 15 %; (75 % received medical treatment,25 % surgical treatment), and 79 % were given medical treatment including antibiotics and supportive care while in severe cases 21 % were surgical.

Conclusion

Emphysematous Gastritis requires a multidisciplinary approach for optimal outcomes. CT imaging remains pivotal for diagnosis, and management should be individualized based on disease severity and patient factors. While mortality remains significant, early recognition and advancements in medical care have improved survival in many cases.

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隐蔽性肺气性胃炎：来自全面系统回顾的见解。

背景：肺气性胃炎是一种罕见的疾病，其特征是胃壁内存在气体。它与高死亡率有关，但早期诊断和治疗可显著降低死亡率并改善患者预后。方法：在本系统综述中，我们检索了PubMed、Scopus、Web of Science和Embase从成立到2024年10月的相关病例报告或肺气性胃炎病例系列。结果：116例病例报告和病例系列显示患者年龄从4个月到96岁（平均年龄：55岁），男性（55%）。大多数病例报告在亚洲和美国。主要症状为90%腹痛，80%呕吐和恶心。胃壁感染的气体形成的有机体，通常是脑室肌炎。腹部CT扫描发现95%的病例有肺气肿改变。内镜检查显示80%的患者胃粘膜红斑，80%的病例白细胞升高。大多数病例的治愈率为70%，死亡率为15%；（75%接受药物治疗，25%接受手术治疗），79%接受药物治疗，包括抗生素和支持性护理，严重病例21%接受手术治疗。结论：气肿性胃炎需要多学科联合治疗以获得最佳治疗效果。CT成像仍然是诊断的关键，治疗应根据疾病严重程度和患者因素进行个体化。虽然死亡率仍然很高，但早期识别和医疗保健的进步改善了许多病例的存活率。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Clinics and research in hepatology and gastroenterology GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY-

CiteScore

4.30

自引率

3.70%

发文量

198

审稿时长

42 days

期刊介绍： Clinics and Research in Hepatology and Gastroenterology publishes high-quality original research papers in the field of hepatology and gastroenterology. The editors put the accent on rapid communication of new research and clinical developments and so called "hot topic" issues. Following a clear Editorial line, besides original articles and case reports, each issue features editorials, commentaries and reviews. The journal encourages research and discussion between all those involved in the specialty on an international level. All articles are peer reviewed by international experts, the articles in press are online and indexed in the international databases (Current Contents, Pubmed, Scopus, Science Direct). Clinics and Research in Hepatology and Gastroenterology is a subscription journal (with optional open access), which allows you to publish your research without any cost to you (unless you proactively chose the open access option). Your article will be available to all researchers around the globe whose institution has a subscription to the journal.