{"title":"A Dermatoglyphic Study of Primary Fingerprints Pattern in Relation to Gender and Blood Group Among Residents of Kathmandu Valley, Nepal","authors":"Sushma Paudel, Sushmita Paudel, Samikshya Kafle","doi":"10.1049/bme2/9993120","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>Fingerprints are unique biometric identifiers that reflect intricate genetic and environmental/physiological influences. Beyond their forensic significance, they can offer insights into physiological traits like blood groups and gender, which can help in forensic analysis to narrow down the search. This exploratory study aims to identify potential associations between fingerprint patterns, gender, and blood groups within a defined regional cohort in Kathmandu, Nepal. This preliminary study included 290 students (144 males and 146 females) from Himalayan Whitehouse International College (HWIC). Fingerprint patterns (loops, whorls, and arches) were analyzed and compared with participants’ ABO-Rh blood groups. Statistical analyses, including chi-square tests, were used to determine associations and trends. Loops emerged as the most common fingerprint pattern (57.14%), followed by whorls (35%), and arches (7.86%). Blood group B+ve was the most prevalent (33.1%) among the study population in Kathmandu. The significant association between gender and fingerprint pattern was observed. The gender analysis revealed that loops were predominant in females, while males showed a higher frequency of whorls. While no significant relationship was observed between ABO blood groups and fingerprint patterns, a strong association was found between fingerprint patterns and Rh factor (<i>p</i> = 0.0496). Loops were more prevalent among Rh-positive (Rh+ve) individuals, while whorls were more common among Rh-negative (Rh−ve) individuals. Additionally, specific fingers were observed to have distinct fingerprint patterns more frequently. Arches were most prevalent in the index finger of both hands, loops were most abundant in both pinky finger, and left middle finger. Whorls were most frequently observed in ring finger of both hands and right thumb. The findings reinforce global patterns of blood group and fingerprint distribution, where Rh+ve individuals represent the majority and loops are most dominant fingerprint pattern. The gender-specific trends suggest the nuanced interplay of genetics, with females displaying a higher frequency of loops and males showing more whorls. Similarly, some blood group are more likely to exhibit a specific set of fingerprint patterns. This research clearly shows the gender-based differences and influence of genetic factors on fingerprint patterns, particularly the Rh factor. These findings contribute to the growing field of dermatoglyphics, with implications for forensic science, and population genetics.</p>","PeriodicalId":48821,"journal":{"name":"IET Biometrics","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8000,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/bme2/9993120","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"IET Biometrics","FirstCategoryId":"94","ListUrlMain":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1049/bme2/9993120","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"COMPUTER SCIENCE, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Fingerprints are unique biometric identifiers that reflect intricate genetic and environmental/physiological influences. Beyond their forensic significance, they can offer insights into physiological traits like blood groups and gender, which can help in forensic analysis to narrow down the search. This exploratory study aims to identify potential associations between fingerprint patterns, gender, and blood groups within a defined regional cohort in Kathmandu, Nepal. This preliminary study included 290 students (144 males and 146 females) from Himalayan Whitehouse International College (HWIC). Fingerprint patterns (loops, whorls, and arches) were analyzed and compared with participants’ ABO-Rh blood groups. Statistical analyses, including chi-square tests, were used to determine associations and trends. Loops emerged as the most common fingerprint pattern (57.14%), followed by whorls (35%), and arches (7.86%). Blood group B+ve was the most prevalent (33.1%) among the study population in Kathmandu. The significant association between gender and fingerprint pattern was observed. The gender analysis revealed that loops were predominant in females, while males showed a higher frequency of whorls. While no significant relationship was observed between ABO blood groups and fingerprint patterns, a strong association was found between fingerprint patterns and Rh factor (p = 0.0496). Loops were more prevalent among Rh-positive (Rh+ve) individuals, while whorls were more common among Rh-negative (Rh−ve) individuals. Additionally, specific fingers were observed to have distinct fingerprint patterns more frequently. Arches were most prevalent in the index finger of both hands, loops were most abundant in both pinky finger, and left middle finger. Whorls were most frequently observed in ring finger of both hands and right thumb. The findings reinforce global patterns of blood group and fingerprint distribution, where Rh+ve individuals represent the majority and loops are most dominant fingerprint pattern. The gender-specific trends suggest the nuanced interplay of genetics, with females displaying a higher frequency of loops and males showing more whorls. Similarly, some blood group are more likely to exhibit a specific set of fingerprint patterns. This research clearly shows the gender-based differences and influence of genetic factors on fingerprint patterns, particularly the Rh factor. These findings contribute to the growing field of dermatoglyphics, with implications for forensic science, and population genetics.
IET BiometricsCOMPUTER SCIENCE, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE-
CiteScore
5.90
自引率
0.00%
发文量
46
审稿时长
33 weeks
期刊介绍:
The field of biometric recognition - automated recognition of individuals based on their behavioural and biological characteristics - has now reached a level of maturity where viable practical applications are both possible and increasingly available. The biometrics field is characterised especially by its interdisciplinarity since, while focused primarily around a strong technological base, effective system design and implementation often requires a broad range of skills encompassing, for example, human factors, data security and database technologies, psychological and physiological awareness, and so on. Also, the technology focus itself embraces diversity, since the engineering of effective biometric systems requires integration of image analysis, pattern recognition, sensor technology, database engineering, security design and many other strands of understanding.
The scope of the journal is intentionally relatively wide. While focusing on core technological issues, it is recognised that these may be inherently diverse and in many cases may cross traditional disciplinary boundaries. The scope of the journal will therefore include any topics where it can be shown that a paper can increase our understanding of biometric systems, signal future developments and applications for biometrics, or promote greater practical uptake for relevant technologies:
Development and enhancement of individual biometric modalities including the established and traditional modalities (e.g. face, fingerprint, iris, signature and handwriting recognition) and also newer or emerging modalities (gait, ear-shape, neurological patterns, etc.)
Multibiometrics, theoretical and practical issues, implementation of practical systems, multiclassifier and multimodal approaches
Soft biometrics and information fusion for identification, verification and trait prediction
Human factors and the human-computer interface issues for biometric systems, exception handling strategies
Template construction and template management, ageing factors and their impact on biometric systems
Usability and user-oriented design, psychological and physiological principles and system integration
Sensors and sensor technologies for biometric processing
Database technologies to support biometric systems
Implementation of biometric systems, security engineering implications, smartcard and associated technologies in implementation, implementation platforms, system design and performance evaluation
Trust and privacy issues, security of biometric systems and supporting technological solutions, biometric template protection
Biometric cryptosystems, security and biometrics-linked encryption
Links with forensic processing and cross-disciplinary commonalities
Core underpinning technologies (e.g. image analysis, pattern recognition, computer vision, signal processing, etc.), where the specific relevance to biometric processing can be demonstrated
Applications and application-led considerations
Position papers on technology or on the industrial context of biometric system development
Adoption and promotion of standards in biometrics, improving technology acceptance, deployment and interoperability, avoiding cross-cultural and cross-sector restrictions
Relevant ethical and social issues