Mapping Robotics and Occupation-Based Practice in Stroke Rehabilitation: A Scoping Review.

Abstract

Stroke rehabilitation often focuses on motor recovery, with robotic-assisted therapy showing promise in enhancing upper limb function. However, these interventions primarily target physical improvements and often neglect occupation-based practices. This scoping review examined how robotic rehabilitation aligns with occupational therapy principles by examining how real-life tasks are incorporated. Using Arksey and O'Malley's framework, we systematically reviewed studies published between January 2014 and July 2024 across PubMed, CINAHL, and Scopus. Of the 15 studies analyzed, most employed exoskeletons or soft robotic gloves for task-specific training, incorporating activities such as dressing, eating, and household chores. Hybrid protocols combining clinic-based robotic therapy with home programs were prevalent, demonstrating significant motor improvements. However, occupational performance outcomes were rarely measured, making it unclear whether motor gains translated into functional improvements. While robotic technologies hold promises for occupation-based rehabilitation, further research is needed to ensure these interventions support meaningful engagement and functional independence for stroke survivors.