Enhancing rigor and justice in genetic counseling research with reflexivity and positionality

Abstract

In the rapidly evolving landscape of genetic counseling research, acknowledging the dynamic interplay between the researchers and the research is critical. Positionality, which encompasses how researchers' social, cultural, and professional identities intersect with their work, along with reflexive practices that promote self-awareness, emerge as essential tools in promoting transparency, rigor, and ethical integrity in research. In this article, we explore the importance of both positionality and reflexivity in genetic counseling research. By highlighting the impact of researchers' perspectives on study design, data interpretation, and knowledge translation, we seek to underscore how positionality and reflexivity can be used to confront biases and power imbalances in the research process. Our discussion extends to both qualitative and quantitative methodologies, showcasing the role of reflexive and positionality statements in enhancing research credibility, inclusivity, and justice. We have provided actionable guidance and reflective questions for constructing robust positionality statements and documenting reflexivity across research phases. Reflexive research practices may advance justice-oriented evidence that informs clinical practices, research, and the genetic counseling profession more broadly. At the same time, we must balance the need to disclose privilege and biases with the imperative to protect marginalized individuals from potential exploitation and harm, ensuring these disclosures do not reinforce existing power imbalances nor compromise safety and autonomy. By advancing reflexivity and positionality, this article advocates for a justice-centered approach to genetic counseling research, ensuring a more representative and ethically responsible body of knowledge.