Neutrophil extracellular traps in cancer: From mechanisms to treatments

IF 7.9 1区医学 Q1 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL

Clinical and Translational Medicine Pub Date : 2025-06-13 DOI:10.1002/ctm2.70368

Yifan Wang, Kangjie Yang, Juan Li, Chuanxin Wang, Peilong Li, Lutao Du

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are reticular ultrastructures released by activated neutrophils. As the reaction products of neutrophils, NETs have been identified as crucial effectors in pathogen defence and autoimmune diseases. Recently, increasing evidence suggest that this process also occurs in cancer. The formation and clearance of NETs are dynamically influenced by the tumour microenvironment, while NETs reciprocally play a dual role in either promoting or inhibiting tumour progression through their DNA scaffold, proteases and other granule-derived proteins. Given the interplay between NETs and tumours, active exploration is currently underway to harness their potential as tumour biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Here, we delve into the biochemical and immunological mechanisms underlying NETs formation within the tumour microenvironment, along with recent advances elucidating their multifaceted roles in tumourigenesis, metastasis and tumour-associated co-morbidities. Furthermore, we present emerging strategies for NETs-based tumour diagnostic approaches and therapeutics, with a special focus on the challenging questions that need to be answered within this field.

Key points

The formation and clearance of NETs are dynamically influenced by the tumor microenvironment.
NETs are engaged in tumorigenesis, formation, metastatic spread, and cancer-associated co-morbidities.
NETs-based tumor biomarkers and therapeutic strategies warrant significant attention.

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癌症中的中性粒细胞胞外陷阱：从机制到治疗

中性粒细胞胞外陷阱（NETs）是由活化的中性粒细胞释放的网状超微结构。作为中性粒细胞的反应产物，NETs已被确定为病原体防御和自身免疫性疾病的重要效应器。最近，越来越多的证据表明，这一过程也发生在癌症中。net的形成和清除受到肿瘤微环境的动态影响，而net通过其DNA支架、蛋白酶和其他颗粒源蛋白在促进或抑制肿瘤进展方面相互发挥双重作用。鉴于神经网络与肿瘤之间的相互作用，目前正在积极探索利用它们作为肿瘤生物标志物和治疗靶点的潜力。在这里，我们深入研究肿瘤微环境中net形成的生化和免疫学机制，以及最近的研究进展，阐明了它们在肿瘤发生、转移和肿瘤相关合并症中的多方面作用。此外，我们提出了基于nets的肿瘤诊断方法和治疗方法的新兴策略，特别关注该领域需要回答的具有挑战性的问题。肿瘤微环境动态影响NETs的形成和清除。NETs参与肿瘤的发生、形成、转移扩散和癌症相关的合并症。基于nets的肿瘤生物标志物和治疗策略值得重视。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Clinical and Translational Medicine Multiple-

CiteScore

15.90

自引率

1.90%

发文量

450

审稿时长

4 weeks

期刊介绍： Clinical and Translational Medicine (CTM) is an international, peer-reviewed, open-access journal dedicated to accelerating the translation of preclinical research into clinical applications and fostering communication between basic and clinical scientists. It highlights the clinical potential and application of various fields including biotechnologies, biomaterials, bioengineering, biomarkers, molecular medicine, omics science, bioinformatics, immunology, molecular imaging, drug discovery, regulation, and health policy. With a focus on the bench-to-bedside approach, CTM prioritizes studies and clinical observations that generate hypotheses relevant to patients and diseases, guiding investigations in cellular and molecular medicine. The journal encourages submissions from clinicians, researchers, policymakers, and industry professionals.