Unraveling recurrent Pleistocene-Holocene multiphase explosive eruptions of Pico de Orizaba (Citlaltépetl), Mexico, from lithostratigraphic analysis and radiocarbon dating

IF 2.4 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research Pub Date : 2025-06-06 DOI:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2025.108384

Matías Vásquez-Montoya , Rafael Torres-Orozco , José Luis Arce , Katrin Sieron , Francisco Córdoba-Montiel

{"title":"Unraveling recurrent Pleistocene-Holocene multiphase explosive eruptions of Pico de Orizaba (Citlaltépetl), Mexico, from lithostratigraphic analysis and radiocarbon dating","authors":"Matías Vásquez-Montoya , Rafael Torres-Orozco , José Luis Arce , Katrin Sieron , Francisco Córdoba-Montiel","doi":"10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2025.108384","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The complex explosive eruptive history of the andesitic-dacitic Pico de Orizaba (Citlaltépetl) – the tallest stratovolcano in North America (5636 masl) – has been investigated through detailed lithostratigraphic analysis and radiocarbon dating of Pleistocene-Holocene deposits. The study documents 40 bedsets, each composed of multiple layers representing either fall (36 bedsets) or pyroclastic density current (PDC) deposits (23 bedsets). Correlation of these bedsets across 86 study sites encompassing the entire volcanic edifice has refined Pico de Orizaba's stratigraphic framework. Radiocarbon dating of key deposits reveals Holocene eruptive pauses of 100–800 years and allows for a reappraisal of the eruptive history and chronology of the Lower (8.6–8.4 ka) and Upper Citlaltépetl (8.3–8.2 ka) episodes. Lithostratigraphic and lithofacies analysis suggests that 10 Pleistocene and 12 Holocene bedsets were formed during multiphase explosive eruptive episodes. These episodes span variable sequences of eruptive phases, from onset dome collapse (block-and-ash flows) and conduit-clearing outbursts to climactic eruption columns and waning column collapse PDCs. Field evidence indicates a significantly higher frequency of explosive eruptions than previously documented. These findings enhance our understanding of Pico de Orizaba's episodic explosive behavior and have critical implications for volcanic hazard assessment in the surrounding densely populated regions. The study also emphasizes the value of integrating detailed stratigraphic data to reconstruct eruptive histories and incorporate multiphase eruptive activity into hazard models.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54753,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","volume":"466 ","pages":"Article 108384"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4000,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","FirstCategoryId":"89","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0377027325001209","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

The complex explosive eruptive history of the andesitic-dacitic Pico de Orizaba (Citlaltépetl) – the tallest stratovolcano in North America (5636 masl) – has been investigated through detailed lithostratigraphic analysis and radiocarbon dating of Pleistocene-Holocene deposits. The study documents 40 bedsets, each composed of multiple layers representing either fall (36 bedsets) or pyroclastic density current (PDC) deposits (23 bedsets). Correlation of these bedsets across 86 study sites encompassing the entire volcanic edifice has refined Pico de Orizaba's stratigraphic framework. Radiocarbon dating of key deposits reveals Holocene eruptive pauses of 100–800 years and allows for a reappraisal of the eruptive history and chronology of the Lower (8.6–8.4 ka) and Upper Citlaltépetl (8.3–8.2 ka) episodes. Lithostratigraphic and lithofacies analysis suggests that 10 Pleistocene and 12 Holocene bedsets were formed during multiphase explosive eruptive episodes. These episodes span variable sequences of eruptive phases, from onset dome collapse (block-and-ash flows) and conduit-clearing outbursts to climactic eruption columns and waning column collapse PDCs. Field evidence indicates a significantly higher frequency of explosive eruptions than previously documented. These findings enhance our understanding of Pico de Orizaba's episodic explosive behavior and have critical implications for volcanic hazard assessment in the surrounding densely populated regions. The study also emphasizes the value of integrating detailed stratigraphic data to reconstruct eruptive histories and incorporate multiphase eruptive activity into hazard models.

查看原文本刊更多论文

从岩石地层分析和放射性碳定年揭示墨西哥Pico de Orizaba （citlalt petl）更新世-全新世反复爆发的多期爆发

通过对更新世-全新世沉积物进行详细的岩石地层分析和放射性碳定年，研究了北美最高的层状火山Pico de Orizaba （citlaltsametl）的复杂爆发历史。该研究记录了40个床层，每个床层由多层组成，代表了36个床层或火山碎屑密度流（PDC）沉积（23个床层）。通过对86个研究地点包括整个火山大厦的这些地层进行对比，可以完善Pico de Orizaba的地层格架。关键矿床的放射性碳定年揭示了全新世喷发暂停期为100-800年，并允许重新评估下（8.6-8.4 ka）和上citlaltsametpel （8.3-8.2 ka）时期的喷发历史和年代学。岩石地层和岩相分析表明，在多期爆炸喷发期形成了10个更新世和12个全新世床层。这些事件跨越了不同的喷发阶段序列，从开始的圆顶坍塌（块状和火山灰流动）和导管清理爆发到高潮喷发柱和减弱柱崩塌PDCs。现场证据表明，爆炸性喷发的频率明显高于先前记录的频率。这些发现增强了我们对Pico de Orizaba的偶发性爆炸行为的理解，并对周围人口稠密地区的火山危险性评估具有重要意义。该研究还强调了整合详细的地层资料来重建喷发历史和将多期喷发活动纳入危险模型的价值。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 地学-地球科学综合

CiteScore

5.90

自引率

13.80%

发文量

183

审稿时长

19.7 weeks

期刊介绍： An international research journal with focus on volcanic and geothermal processes and their impact on the environment and society. Submission of papers covering the following aspects of volcanology and geothermal research are encouraged: (1) Geological aspects of volcanic systems: volcano stratigraphy, structure and tectonic influence; eruptive history; evolution of volcanic landforms; eruption style and progress; dispersal patterns of lava and ash; analysis of real-time eruption observations. (2) Geochemical and petrological aspects of volcanic rocks: magma genesis and evolution; crystallization; volatile compositions, solubility, and degassing; volcanic petrography and textural analysis. (3) Hydrology, geochemistry and measurement of volcanic and hydrothermal fluids: volcanic gas emissions; fumaroles and springs; crater lakes; hydrothermal mineralization. (4) Geophysical aspects of volcanic systems: physical properties of volcanic rocks and magmas; heat flow studies; volcano seismology, geodesy and remote sensing. (5) Computational modeling and experimental simulation of magmatic and hydrothermal processes: eruption dynamics; magma transport and storage; plume dynamics and ash dispersal; lava flow dynamics; hydrothermal fluid flow; thermodynamics of aqueous fluids and melts. (6) Volcano hazard and risk research: hazard zonation methodology, development of forecasting tools; assessment techniques for vulnerability and impact.