Prevention of type 2 diabetes in migrant populations from low- and middle-income countries living in high-income countries.

Abstract

The rising prevalence of type 2 diabetes among migrant populations from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) living in high-income countries (HICs) presents a significant public health challenge. Migrants often experience lifestyle changes, socioeconomic disadvantages and barriers to accessing healthcare, which can increase their risk for type 2 diabetes. This review explores the prevention and management of type 2 diabetes in these migrant populations, emphasising the need for culturally sensitive strategies. Key interventions for mitigating the burden of type 2 diabetes include tailored dietary and physical activity programmes, community-based initiatives and healthcare models that consider social determinants of health and integrate traditional beliefs with evidence-based practices across genders. Addressing language barriers, improving health literacy and engaging trusted community leaders are all critical for effective intervention uptake. Additionally, policy measures to reduce structural inequalities, such as improving healthcare access and food security, are essential. Future research should focus on evaluating the long-term effectiveness of culturally sensitive interventions across gender and different migrant populations and on scaling successful models for broader implementation.