{"title":"The impact of SrTiO3, CaTiO3 and BaTiO3 on the formation of core-shell structures in solid solutions with Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3","authors":"Sophie Bauer , Marc Widenmeyer , Till Frömling","doi":"10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2025.117588","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The solid solution 75Na<sub>0.5</sub>Bi<sub>0.5</sub>TiO<sub>3</sub>-25SrTiO<sub>3</sub> (NBT-ST) can achieve outstanding high-strain properties for actuator applications. Whether these properties arise from microscopic core-shell structures or coexisting polar nanoregions remains uncertain, thus opening up a promising research field for tuning functional properties. One possible way to reveal the underlying core-shell formation mechanism and the structure’s impact on functional properties is to test related solid solutions with NBT. This study examines the applicability of core-shell formation conditions and associated property changes in NBT-ST to 87Na<sub>0.5</sub>Bi<sub>0.5</sub>TiO<sub>3</sub> −13CaTiO<sub>3</sub> (NBT-CT) and 94Na<sub>0.5</sub>Bi<sub>0.5</sub>TiO<sub>3</sub>–6BaTiO<sub>3</sub> (NBT-BT). Thermal analysis and scanning electron microscopy revealed that two-step reactions, as in NBT-ST and NBT-CT, are the key factor enabling core-shell structures. A single-step reaction, like in NBT-BT resulted in no core-shell structures. As already demonstrated for NBT-ST, core-shell structures in NBT-CT led to comparably high strains of 0.29 % and slim polarisation loops, confirming the transferability of property changes associated with chemical inhomogeneities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17408,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The European Ceramic Society","volume":"45 15","pages":"Article 117588"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8000,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of The European Ceramic Society","FirstCategoryId":"88","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S095522192500408X","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The solid solution 75Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3-25SrTiO3 (NBT-ST) can achieve outstanding high-strain properties for actuator applications. Whether these properties arise from microscopic core-shell structures or coexisting polar nanoregions remains uncertain, thus opening up a promising research field for tuning functional properties. One possible way to reveal the underlying core-shell formation mechanism and the structure’s impact on functional properties is to test related solid solutions with NBT. This study examines the applicability of core-shell formation conditions and associated property changes in NBT-ST to 87Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 −13CaTiO3 (NBT-CT) and 94Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3–6BaTiO3 (NBT-BT). Thermal analysis and scanning electron microscopy revealed that two-step reactions, as in NBT-ST and NBT-CT, are the key factor enabling core-shell structures. A single-step reaction, like in NBT-BT resulted in no core-shell structures. As already demonstrated for NBT-ST, core-shell structures in NBT-CT led to comparably high strains of 0.29 % and slim polarisation loops, confirming the transferability of property changes associated with chemical inhomogeneities.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of the European Ceramic Society publishes the results of original research and reviews relating to ceramic materials. Papers of either an experimental or theoretical character will be welcomed on a fully international basis. The emphasis is on novel generic science concerning the relationships between processing, microstructure and properties of polycrystalline ceramics consolidated at high temperature. Papers may relate to any of the conventional categories of ceramic: structural, functional, traditional or composite. The central objective is to sustain a high standard of research quality by means of appropriate reviewing procedures.