Transient vs Permanent Congenital Hypothyroidism: Does Thyroid Volume Tell the Tale?

IF 3.7 3区 医学 Q2 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
Sarah A Ackah, Erica A Eugster, Todd D Nebesio, Rebeca Santos, S Gregory Jennings, George J Eckert, Boaz Karmazyn
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Abstract

Objectives: Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) can be transient or permanent. We evaluated if thyroid volume measured by ultrasound can be distinguish between the 2 forms.

Methods: Retrospective study (1/2005-12/2019) on patients with CH with eutopic thyroids. Permanent CH was defined as the inability to discontinue levothyroxine therapy after age 3, while transient CH included a successful trial off levothyroxine. Demographic and clinical characteristics were retrieved from the electronic medical records. Fisher's Exact tests and t-tests were used to compare categorial and continuous variables between children with transient and permanent CH. Receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis evaluated thyroid volume and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) as individual predictors of transient/permanent CH. A classification tree analysis was used to combine thyroid volume and TSH for prediction.

Results: Significant differences were found between the 2 groups in terms of TSH levels and thyroid volume. Thyroid volume in patients with transient CH was significantly smaller (1.0 ± 0.5 mL) compared to those with permanent CH (2.3 ± 2.6 mL). No transient CH patient had thyroid volume below 0.3 mL or above 2.5 mL. Combining TSH level at diagnosis of ≥200 mIU/L and thyroid volume ≤0.6 mL or ≥2.5 mL provided sensitivity of 78.4% and specificity of 85.7% in differentiating between transient and permanent CH.

Conclusion: Thyroid volume ≥2.5 mL or ≤0.36 mL was seen only in permanent CH, potentially avoiding the need for a trial off levothyroxine. Using both TSH level and thyroid volume provides increased sensitivity and specificity for differentiating between permanent and transient CH.

暂时性与永久性先天性甲状腺功能减退:甲状腺体积是否能说明问题?
目的:先天性甲状腺功能减退症(CH)可以是短暂的或永久性的。我们评估了超声测量甲状腺体积是否可以区分这两种形式。方法:回顾性研究(2005年1月- 2019年12月)CH合并甲状腺异位症患者。永久性CH被定义为三岁后无法停止左旋甲状腺素治疗,而短暂性CH包括成功的左旋甲状腺素试验。从电子病历中检索人口统计学和临床特征。使用Fisher's Exact检验和t检验比较短暂性和永久性CH患儿的分类变量和连续变量。ROC曲线分析评估甲状腺体积和TSH作为短暂性/永久性CH的个体预测因子。分类树分析用于结合甲状腺体积和TSH进行预测。结果:两组在促甲状腺激素(TSH)水平和甲状腺体积方面存在显著差异。短暂性CH患者的甲状腺体积(1.0±0.5 mL)明显小于永久性CH患者(2.3±2.6 mL)。没有一过性CH患者甲状腺体积低于0.3 mL或高于2.5 mL。结合诊断时的TSH水平>= 200 mIU/L和甲状腺体积= 2.5 mL,区分一过性CH和永久性CH的敏感性为78.4%,特异性为85.7%。结论:甲状腺体积≥2.5 mL或≤0.36 mL仅在永久性CH中可见,可能避免了左旋甲状腺素试验的需要。同时使用TSH水平和甲状腺体积为区分永久性和暂时性CH提供了更高的敏感性和特异性。
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来源期刊
Endocrine Practice
Endocrine Practice ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM-
CiteScore
7.60
自引率
2.40%
发文量
546
审稿时长
41 days
期刊介绍: Endocrine Practice (ISSN: 1530-891X), a peer-reviewed journal published twelve times a year, is the official journal of the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE). The primary mission of Endocrine Practice is to enhance the health care of patients with endocrine diseases through continuing education of practicing endocrinologists.
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