{"title":"Undergraduate ophthalmology education according to International Council of Ophthalmology guidelines: A systematic review.","authors":"Luksanaporn Krungkraipetch, Naruporn Krungkraipetch, Gamon Savatsomboon","doi":"10.3205/zma001753","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The research focused on the recommendations of the International Council of Ophthalmology, specifically regarding the duration of ophthalmology education, areas of clinical exposure, essential skills, and adherence to these standards internationally.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A thorough search was conducted in the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and ERIC databases up to April 2024 to identify studies related to International Council of Ophthalmology (ICO) principles in undergraduate medical education. Two independent reviewers assessed citations for inclusion criteria, gathered data, and evaluated the risk of bias using the ROBIN-I tool, PROSPERO CRD42024517718.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>From 537 unique references, only eight research articles qualified for inclusion. The primary educational aim in most studies was to meet the ICO requirements. Typically, medical students spend at least two weeks focusing on ophthalmology. These courses offer extensive exposure to ophthalmic patients across diverse clinical environments, such as ophthalmology clinics, emergency departments, and surgical theaters. Instructional methods include theoretical lectures, small group discussions, self-directed learning, and hands-on clinical experiences. The study found that the adoption of ICO recommendations varied from 20% to 36%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This research evaluates how undergraduate ophthalmology education in medical schools correlates with ICO guidelines, indicating that implementation remains limited. Enhanced promotion of these standards in educational institutions is essential, alongside further studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":45850,"journal":{"name":"GMS Journal for Medical Education","volume":"42 2","pages":"Doc29"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5000,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12131512/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"GMS Journal for Medical Education","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.3205/zma001753","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/1/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"EDUCATION, SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Objectives: The research focused on the recommendations of the International Council of Ophthalmology, specifically regarding the duration of ophthalmology education, areas of clinical exposure, essential skills, and adherence to these standards internationally.
Methodology: A thorough search was conducted in the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and ERIC databases up to April 2024 to identify studies related to International Council of Ophthalmology (ICO) principles in undergraduate medical education. Two independent reviewers assessed citations for inclusion criteria, gathered data, and evaluated the risk of bias using the ROBIN-I tool, PROSPERO CRD42024517718.
Findings: From 537 unique references, only eight research articles qualified for inclusion. The primary educational aim in most studies was to meet the ICO requirements. Typically, medical students spend at least two weeks focusing on ophthalmology. These courses offer extensive exposure to ophthalmic patients across diverse clinical environments, such as ophthalmology clinics, emergency departments, and surgical theaters. Instructional methods include theoretical lectures, small group discussions, self-directed learning, and hands-on clinical experiences. The study found that the adoption of ICO recommendations varied from 20% to 36%.
Conclusions: This research evaluates how undergraduate ophthalmology education in medical schools correlates with ICO guidelines, indicating that implementation remains limited. Enhanced promotion of these standards in educational institutions is essential, alongside further studies.
期刊介绍：
GMS Journal for Medical Education (GMS J Med Educ) – formerly GMS Zeitschrift für Medizinische Ausbildung – publishes scientific articles on all aspects of undergraduate and graduate education in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine, pharmacy and other health professions. Research and review articles, project reports, short communications as well as discussion papers and comments may be submitted. There is a special focus on empirical studies which are methodologically sound and lead to results that are relevant beyond the respective institution, profession or country. Please feel free to submit qualitative as well as quantitative studies. We especially welcome submissions by students. It is the mission of GMS Journal for Medical Education to contribute to furthering scientific knowledge in the German-speaking countries as well as internationally and thus to foster the improvement of teaching and learning and to build an evidence base for undergraduate and graduate education. To this end, the journal has set up an editorial board with international experts. All manuscripts submitted are subjected to a clearly structured peer review process. All articles are published bilingually in English and German and are available with unrestricted open access. Thus, GMS Journal for Medical Education is available to a broad international readership. GMS Journal for Medical Education is published as an unrestricted open access journal with at least four issues per year. In addition, special issues on current topics in medical education research are also published. Until 2015 the journal was published under its German name GMS Zeitschrift für Medizinische Ausbildung. By changing its name to GMS Journal for Medical Education, we wish to underline our international mission.
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