{"title":"Psychedelics in the Treatment of Neurologic and Psychiatric Disorders: Coincidence or a New Point of View.","authors":"Naser-Aldin Lashgari, Mahla Khalaji, Pouria Rana, Fatemeh Badrabadi, Mobina Rahnama, Hadis Nasoori, Nazanin Momeni Roudsari, Mohammad Mahdi Khosravi Nia, Hamed Shafaroodi","doi":"10.1007/s12035-025-05097-9","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neurological and psychiatric disorders are considered one of the major problems of today's societies and cause many individual and social problems. Current treatments are effective, but due to their burdens, there is always an effort to introduce novel treatments. Psychedelics, a diverse group of psychoactive compounds, including LSD, psilocybin, DMT, MDMA, and ketamine, have shown potential in modulating neurologic and psychiatric disorders due to several mechanisms. This review investigates the therapeutic potential of psychedelics in both neurologic and neuropsychiatric disorders due to their several mechanisms such as anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and biological properties. This study was conducted across major databases, such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Medline, due to the systematically searched literature including clinical, preclinical, and in vitro studies. Psychedelic compounds such as psilocybin, LSD, and MDMA have demonstrated beneficial effects across various models of neuropsychiatric and neurologic disorders, including depression, PTSD, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease. These effects are mediated through multiple mechanisms, including anti-inflammatory actions (e.g., downregulation of cytokines such as IL-6 and TNF-α), antioxidant activity (e.g., induction of SOD), and enhancement of neuroplasticity through increased expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor such as BDNF. Additionally, psychedelics modulate key neurotransmitter systems, notably increasing synaptic levels of serotonin and dopamine, which are critically involved in mood regulation and cognitive function. Compared to conventional treatments, psychedelics offer faster onset, durable effects, and possible disease-modifying properties, making them promising candidates for future neurotherapeutics.</p>","PeriodicalId":18762,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Neurobiology","volume":" ","pages":"15070-15092"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3000,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Molecular Neurobiology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-025-05097-9","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/6/4 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"NEUROSCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Neurological and psychiatric disorders are considered one of the major problems of today's societies and cause many individual and social problems. Current treatments are effective, but due to their burdens, there is always an effort to introduce novel treatments. Psychedelics, a diverse group of psychoactive compounds, including LSD, psilocybin, DMT, MDMA, and ketamine, have shown potential in modulating neurologic and psychiatric disorders due to several mechanisms. This review investigates the therapeutic potential of psychedelics in both neurologic and neuropsychiatric disorders due to their several mechanisms such as anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and biological properties. This study was conducted across major databases, such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Medline, due to the systematically searched literature including clinical, preclinical, and in vitro studies. Psychedelic compounds such as psilocybin, LSD, and MDMA have demonstrated beneficial effects across various models of neuropsychiatric and neurologic disorders, including depression, PTSD, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease. These effects are mediated through multiple mechanisms, including anti-inflammatory actions (e.g., downregulation of cytokines such as IL-6 and TNF-α), antioxidant activity (e.g., induction of SOD), and enhancement of neuroplasticity through increased expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor such as BDNF. Additionally, psychedelics modulate key neurotransmitter systems, notably increasing synaptic levels of serotonin and dopamine, which are critically involved in mood regulation and cognitive function. Compared to conventional treatments, psychedelics offer faster onset, durable effects, and possible disease-modifying properties, making them promising candidates for future neurotherapeutics.
神经和精神疾病被认为是当今社会的主要问题之一,并导致许多个人和社会问题。目前的治疗方法是有效的,但由于它们的负担,人们总是努力引入新的治疗方法。致幻剂是一组不同的精神活性化合物,包括LSD、裸盖菇素、DMT、MDMA和氯胺酮,由于几种机制,它们已显示出调节神经和精神疾病的潜力。本文综述了致幻剂在神经和神经精神疾病中的治疗潜力,因为它们具有抗炎、抗氧化和生物学特性等多种机制。本研究是在PubMed、Scopus、Web of Science、b谷歌Scholar和Medline等主要数据库中进行的,因为系统地检索了临床、临床前和体外研究的文献。迷幻化合物如裸盖菇素、LSD和MDMA已被证明对各种神经精神和神经疾病模型有有益作用,包括抑郁症、创伤后应激障碍、阿尔茨海默病和帕金森病。这些作用是通过多种机制介导的,包括抗炎作用(如下调细胞因子如IL-6和TNF-α),抗氧化活性(如诱导SOD),以及通过增加脑源性神经营养因子如BDNF的表达来增强神经可塑性。此外,致幻剂调节关键的神经递质系统,特别是增加突触中血清素和多巴胺的水平,这两种物质对情绪调节和认知功能至关重要。与传统治疗方法相比,迷幻药起效更快,效果持久,并可能具有改善疾病的特性,使其成为未来神经治疗的有希望的候选者。
期刊介绍:
Molecular Neurobiology is an exciting journal for neuroscientists needing to stay in close touch with progress at the forefront of molecular brain research today. It is an especially important periodical for graduate students and "postdocs," specifically designed to synthesize and critically assess research trends for all neuroscientists hoping to stay active at the cutting edge of this dramatically developing area. This journal has proven to be crucial in departmental libraries, serving as essential reading for every committed neuroscientist who is striving to keep abreast of all rapid developments in a forefront field. Most recent significant advances in experimental and clinical neuroscience have been occurring at the molecular level. Until now, there has been no journal devoted to looking closely at this fragmented literature in a critical, coherent fashion. Each submission is thoroughly analyzed by scientists and clinicians internationally renowned for their special competence in the areas treated.