{"title":"Taguchi method optimization for efficient recovery of heavy metals from mining solid waste.","authors":"Loughlaimi Intissar, Bakher Zineelabidine, Zouhri Abdeljalil","doi":"10.1007/s10653-025-02557-y","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Environmental contamination by heavy metals poses a significant challenge, particularly in regions affected by mining activities. This study focuses on the optimization of leaching conditions for the recovery of iron (Fe), aluminum (Al), magnesium (Mg), and cadmium (Cd) from mining solid waste using nitric acid. Utilizing the Taguchi method (L18 experimental design), a robust statistical approach, a series of experiments were designed to systematically vary key process parameters, including acid concentration, temperature, and leaching time, to identify the optimal conditions for maximum metal recovery. The experimental design considered three levels of acid concentration (2%, 5%, and 10%), stirring time (15, 30, and 60 min), and two levels of temperature (24 °C and 50 °C). The results indicated that the most effective leaching of Mg occurred at a concentration of 10%, a leaching time of 30 min, and a temperature of 50 °C. For Al, increasing nitric acid concentrations improved the leaching efficiency, with an optimum leaching time of 30 min and lower temperatures being favorable. Cd leaching was more efficient at higher concentrations and higher temperatures, with 30 min leaching time. Fe leaching showed improved performance with an increasing concentration, peaking after 45 min of leaching and favoring lower temperatures.</p>","PeriodicalId":11759,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Geochemistry and Health","volume":"47 7","pages":"246"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2000,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Environmental Geochemistry and Health","FirstCategoryId":"93","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-025-02557-y","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Environmental contamination by heavy metals poses a significant challenge, particularly in regions affected by mining activities. This study focuses on the optimization of leaching conditions for the recovery of iron (Fe), aluminum (Al), magnesium (Mg), and cadmium (Cd) from mining solid waste using nitric acid. Utilizing the Taguchi method (L18 experimental design), a robust statistical approach, a series of experiments were designed to systematically vary key process parameters, including acid concentration, temperature, and leaching time, to identify the optimal conditions for maximum metal recovery. The experimental design considered three levels of acid concentration (2%, 5%, and 10%), stirring time (15, 30, and 60 min), and two levels of temperature (24 °C and 50 °C). The results indicated that the most effective leaching of Mg occurred at a concentration of 10%, a leaching time of 30 min, and a temperature of 50 °C. For Al, increasing nitric acid concentrations improved the leaching efficiency, with an optimum leaching time of 30 min and lower temperatures being favorable. Cd leaching was more efficient at higher concentrations and higher temperatures, with 30 min leaching time. Fe leaching showed improved performance with an increasing concentration, peaking after 45 min of leaching and favoring lower temperatures.
期刊介绍：
Environmental Geochemistry and Health publishes original research papers and review papers across the broad field of environmental geochemistry. Environmental geochemistry and health establishes and explains links between the natural or disturbed chemical composition of the earth’s surface and the health of plants, animals and people.
Beneficial elements regulate or promote enzymatic and hormonal activity whereas other elements may be toxic. Bedrock geochemistry controls the composition of soil and hence that of water and vegetation. Environmental issues, such as pollution, arising from the extraction and use of mineral resources, are discussed. The effects of contaminants introduced into the earth’s geochemical systems are examined. Geochemical surveys of soil, water and plants show how major and trace elements are distributed geographically. Associated epidemiological studies reveal the possibility of causal links between the natural or disturbed geochemical environment and disease. Experimental research illuminates the nature or consequences of natural or disturbed geochemical processes.
The journal particularly welcomes novel research linking environmental geochemistry and health issues on such topics as: heavy metals (including mercury), persistent organic pollutants (POPs), and mixed chemicals emitted through human activities, such as uncontrolled recycling of electronic-waste; waste recycling; surface-atmospheric interaction processes (natural and anthropogenic emissions, vertical transport, deposition, and physical-chemical interaction) of gases and aerosols; phytoremediation/restoration of contaminated sites; food contamination and safety; environmental effects of medicines; effects and toxicity of mixed pollutants; speciation of heavy metals/metalloids; effects of mining; disturbed geochemistry from human behavior, natural or man-made hazards; particle and nanoparticle toxicology; risk and the vulnerability of populations, etc.
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