Target localization with coprime multistatic MIMO radar via coupled canonical polyadic decomposition based on joint eigenvalue decomposition

Abstract

This paper investigates target localization using a multistatic multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar system with two distinct coprime array configurations: coprime L-shaped arrays and coprime planar arrays. The observed signals are modeled as tensors that admit a coupled canonical polyadic decomposition (C-CPD) model. For each configuration, a C-CPD method is presented based on joint eigenvalue decomposition (J-EVD). This computational framework includes (semi-)algebraic and optimization-based C-CPD algorithms and target localization that fuses direction-of-arrivals (DOAs) information to calculate the optimal position of each target. Specifically, the proposed (semi-)algebraic methods exploit the rotational invariance of the Vandermonde structure in coprime arrays, similar to the multiple invariance property of estimation of signal parameters via rotational invariance techniques (ESPRIT), which transforms the model into a J-EVD problem and reduces computational complexity. The study also investigates the working conditions of the algorithm to understand model identifiability. Additionally, the proposed method does not rely on prior knowledge of non-orthogonal probing waveforms and is effective in challenging underdetermined scenarios. Experimental results demonstrate that our method outperforms existing tensor-based approaches in both accuracy and computational efficiency.