Age-Related Hearing Loss: Evidence-Based Strategies for Early Detection and Management.

Abstract

Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) is common in older adults and has been linked to significant health and social challenges. These challenges include cognitive decline, depression, falls, and overall decreased quality of life. Despite its high prevalence, ARHL remains underdiagnosed and undertreated, partly due to its gradual onset, stigma, and lack of standardized screening and management protocols. This article provides a comprehensive overview of evidence-based strategies for the early detection and management of ARHL, with an emphasis on recent clinical practice guidelines where nurses are instrumental in leading quality improvement efforts. The multifactorial etiology of ARHL, encompassing genetic predispositions, environmental exposures, and physiological aging, is discussed alongside the health and socioeconomic impacts of untreated hearing loss, including cognitive decline and increased healthcare utilization. Routine screening and hearing assessments can be integrated into patient care visits for individuals aged 50 and above to improve early detection and opportunities for hearing loss management. Effective patient education involves individualized, culturally sensitive counseling that addresses the implications of untreated hearing loss and the benefits of early intervention, which can mitigate stigma and encourage proactive management. Assistive technologies such as consumer devices, hearing aids, and cochlear implants play a vital role in promoting hearing health in personalized care plans developed in collaboration with audiologists. Regular monitoring and follow-up are essential to assess adherence, address challenges, and adjust interventions. By adopting these evidence-based strategies, healthcare professionals can improve identification and management of age-related hearing loss, enhancing the overall health and quality of life for the aging population.