[Pluripotent stem cells: maintenance of genetic and epigenetic stability and prospects of cell technologies].

Ontogenez Pub Date : 2008-11-01
O F Gordeeva, Sh M Mitalipov
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Permanent lines of pluripotent stem cells can be obtained from humans and monkeys using different techniques and from different sources--inner cell mass of the blastocyst, primary germ cells, parthenogenetic oocytes, and mature spermatogonia--as well as by transgenic modification of various adult somatic cells. Despite different origin, all pluripotent lines demonstrate considerable similarity of the major biological properties: active self-renewal and differentiation into various somatic and germ cells in vitro and in vivo, similar gene expression profiles, and similar cell cycle structure. Ten years of intense studies on the stability of different human and monkey embryonic stem cells demonstrated that, irrespective of their origin, long-term in vitro cultures lead to the accumulation of chromosomal and gene mutations as well as epigenetic changes that can cause oncogenic transformation of cells. This review summarizes the research data on the genetic and epigenetic stability of different lines of pluripotent stem cells after long-term in vitro culture. These data were used to analyze possible factors of the genome and epigenome instability in pluripotent lines. The prospects of using pluripotent stem cells of different origin in cell therapy and pharmacological studies were considered.

[多能干细胞:遗传和表观遗传稳定性的维持以及细胞技术的前景]。
多能干细胞的永久系可以从人类和猴子身上获得,使用不同的技术和不同的来源——囊胚内细胞群、原代生殖细胞、孤雌生殖卵母细胞和成熟精原细胞——以及通过对各种成年体细胞进行转基因修饰。尽管来源不同,但所有多能系在主要生物学特性上都表现出相当大的相似性:活跃的自我更新和在体外和体内分化为各种体细胞和生殖细胞,相似的基因表达谱和相似的细胞周期结构。十年来对不同人类和猴子胚胎干细胞稳定性的深入研究表明,无论其来源如何,长期体外培养都会导致染色体和基因突变的积累以及可导致细胞致癌转化的表观遗传变化。本文综述了不同多能干细胞系长期体外培养后遗传和表观遗传稳定性的研究资料。这些数据被用来分析多能系基因组和表观基因组不稳定的可能因素。展望了不同来源的多能干细胞在细胞治疗和药理研究中的应用前景。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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