Towards large nuclear imaging system optical simulations with optiGAN, a generative adversarial network.

IF 3.3 3区 医学 Q2 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL
Carlotta Trigila, Guneet Mummaneni, Brahim Mehadji, Brandon Pardi, Emilie Roncali
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Optical Monte Carlo (MC) simulations are essential for modeling light transport in radiation detectors used in nuclear imaging and high-energy physics. However, full-system simulations remain computationally prohibitive due to the need to track optical photons across large detector arrays. To address this challenge, we developed optiGAN, a conditional Wasserstein Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) designed to accelerate detailed optical simulations while maintaining high fidelity. Our approach trains optiGAN on high-dimensional optical photon distributions generated using GATE 10, the new Python-based version of the well-established MC simulation toolkit. Two datasets were constructed from 511 keV interactions in bismuth germanate crystals: one included multidimensional features (spatial coordinates, kinetic energy, and time), and another focused solely on time distributions. OptiGAN employs a combination of conditional GAN and Wasserstein GAN with gradient penalty (WGAN-GP) to enhance training stability and accuracy. Model performance was evaluated using the Jensen- Shannon distance, achieving similarity scores exceeding 90% for most photon properties, with further improvements when focusing exclusively on timing distributions. To validate optiGAN ability to reproduce system-level detector performance, we used its output to generate silicon photomultiplier signals using a validated SiPM simulation toolkit. The resulting energy and timing resolutions closely matched those obtained from full MC simulations, demonstrating that optiGAN preserves key detector characteristics while improving computational efficiency by up to two orders of magnitude. These findings establish optiGAN as a promising tool for large-scale detector simulations, enabling rapid evaluation of new detector technologies, also because it has been integrated in the new version of GATE. Future work will focus on further optimizing model performance and extending its applicability to system-level nuclear imaging simulations. .

基于optiGAN生成对抗网络的大型核成像系统光学模拟。
光学蒙特卡罗(MC)模拟是模拟用于核成像和高能物理的辐射探测器中的光输运的必要方法。然而,由于需要跟踪大型探测器阵列上的光子,全系统模拟在计算上仍然是禁止的。为了应对这一挑战,我们开发了optiGAN,这是一种条件Wasserstein生成对抗网络(GAN),旨在加速详细的光学模拟,同时保持高保真度。我们的方法在使用GATE 10生成的高维光学光子分布上训练optiGAN, GATE 10是一种基于python的成熟MC模拟工具包。从锗酸铋晶体中的511个keV相互作用中构建了两个数据集:一个包含多维特征(空间坐标、动能和时间),另一个只关注时间分布。OptiGAN采用条件GAN和带梯度惩罚的Wasserstein GAN (WGAN-GP)相结合的方法来提高训练的稳定性和准确性。使用Jensen- Shannon距离对模型性能进行评估,大多数光子特性的相似性得分超过90%,并且在只关注时间分布时进一步改进。 ;为了验证optiGAN再现系统级探测器性能的能力,我们使用经过验证的SiPM仿真工具使用其输出来生成硅光电倍增管信号。由此产生的能量和时间分辨率与从完整MC模拟中获得的结果非常匹配,表明optiGAN保留了关键探测器特性,同时将计算效率提高了两个数量级。这些发现使optiGAN成为大规模探测器模拟的有前途的工具,能够快速评估新的探测器技术,也因为它已集成在新版GATE中。未来的工作将集中在进一步优化模型性能并扩展其在系统级核成像仿真中的适用性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Physics in medicine and biology
Physics in medicine and biology 医学-工程:生物医学
CiteScore
6.50
自引率
14.30%
发文量
409
审稿时长
2 months
期刊介绍: The development and application of theoretical, computational and experimental physics to medicine, physiology and biology. Topics covered are: therapy physics (including ionizing and non-ionizing radiation); biomedical imaging (e.g. x-ray, magnetic resonance, ultrasound, optical and nuclear imaging); image-guided interventions; image reconstruction and analysis (including kinetic modelling); artificial intelligence in biomedical physics and analysis; nanoparticles in imaging and therapy; radiobiology; radiation protection and patient dose monitoring; radiation dosimetry
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