Risk of new-onset type 1 diabetes in individuals with celiac disease and thyroid disease-An observational study.

IF 5.4 2区医学 Q1 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism Pub Date : 2025-05-28 DOI:10.1111/dom.16454

Steve V Edelman, Daniel Agardh, Nancy Cui, Lichen Hao, Mattias Wieloch, Luigi Meneghini

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Abstract

Aims: The objective of this study was to compare the risk of developing type 1 diabetes in individuals with celiac disease, hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism to that of individuals without those conditions.

Materials and methods: In this retrospective, observational, matched-cohort study based on real-world claims data, individuals with at least one diagnosis of celiac disease, hyperthyroidism (e.g. Graves' disease) or hypothyroidism (e.g. Hashimoto's disease) and a control cohort of individuals without any of these three conditions were included. Individuals from the disease and control cohorts were propensity score matched 1:1 based on baseline demographics and clinical characteristics. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to compare the risk of type 1 diabetes between cohorts.

Results: Type 1 diabetes developed in 0.14% (68/47 099) of individuals with celiac disease compared to 0.06% (27/47 099) of controls. Of those with hyperthyroidism, type 1 diabetes developed in 0.17% (281/164 830) compared to 0.06% (99/164 830) of controls. Of those with hypothyroidism, type 1 diabetes developed in 0.18% (1756/980 477) compared to 0.08% (764/980 477) of controls. The risk of developing type 1 diabetes was increased for each of the disease cohorts compared to their respective controls (celiac disease: HR = 2.54 [p < 0.0001]; hyperthyroidism: adjusted HR = 2.98 [p < 0.0001]; hypothyroidism: HR = 2.41 [p < 0.0001]); risk was highest among individuals aged <18 years.

Conclusions: The risk of developing type 1 diabetes was significantly higher for individuals with celiac disease or thyroid disease compared to those without any of these conditions. These findings support the screening of individuals with these conditions for stage 2 type 1 diabetes.

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乳糜泻和甲状腺疾病患者新发1型糖尿病的风险：一项观察性研究

目的：本研究的目的是比较患有乳糜泻、甲状腺功能亢进和甲状腺功能减退的个体与没有这些疾病的个体发生1型糖尿病的风险。材料和方法：在这项基于真实世界索赔数据的回顾性、观察性、匹配队列研究中，包括至少有一种乳糜泻、甲状腺功能亢进（如格雷夫斯病）或甲状腺功能减退（如桥本病）诊断的个体，以及没有这三种情况的个体的对照队列。根据基线人口统计学和临床特征，疾病组和对照组的个体倾向评分1:1匹配。采用Cox比例风险模型比较各组患者患1型糖尿病的风险。结果：乳糜泻患者发生1型糖尿病的比例为0.14%(68/47 099)，而对照组为0.06%（27/47 099）。在甲状腺功能亢进患者中，1型糖尿病发生率为0.17%(281/164 830)，而对照组为0.06%（99/164 830）。在甲状腺功能减退患者中，1型糖尿病发生率为0.18%(1756/980 477)，而对照组为0.08%（764/980 477）。患1型糖尿病的风险在每个疾病队列中都比他们各自的对照组增加（乳糜泻：HR = 2.54 [p]）。结论：患有乳糜泻或甲状腺疾病的个体患1型糖尿病的风险明显高于没有这些疾病的个体。这些发现支持筛查患有2期1型糖尿病的个体。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism 医学-内分泌学与代谢

CiteScore

10.90

自引率

6.90%

发文量

319

审稿时长

3-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism is primarily a journal of clinical and experimental pharmacology and therapeutics covering the interrelated areas of diabetes, obesity and metabolism. The journal prioritises high-quality original research that reports on the effects of new or existing therapies, including dietary, exercise and lifestyle (non-pharmacological) interventions, in any aspect of metabolic and endocrine disease, either in humans or animal and cellular systems. ‘Metabolism’ may relate to lipids, bone and drug metabolism, or broader aspects of endocrine dysfunction. Preclinical pharmacology, pharmacokinetic studies, meta-analyses and those addressing drug safety and tolerability are also highly suitable for publication in this journal. Original research may be published as a main paper or as a research letter.