Open Mouth Posture Syndrome (OMPS): Classification.

Abstract

Objectives: This narrative review aims to redefine Open Mouth Posture Syndrome (OMPS) as a multifactorial condition with overlapping symptoms and a cyclical pathophysiology. A novel classification system for OMPS subtypes is proposed to standardize research approaches and enhance clinical understanding. Methods: An interdisciplinary literature review was conducted, focusing on structural, functional, and adaptive mechanisms underlying OMPS. Subtype definitions were refined based on recent findings. Results: OMPS is categorized into five subtypes: Obstructive, Habitual, Anatomical, Sleep-Disordered Breathing, and Tongue-Related Pathologies. These subtypes share interconnected etiologies and manifestations, contributing to a feedback loop that complicates diagnosis and management. Conclusions: This classification system lays the foundation for future research and clinical protocols, emphasizing the need for a systematic approach to understanding OMPS.