The Role of Tregs in the Tumor Microenvironment.

IF 3.9 3区 工程技术 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
Yohei Sato
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Abstract

The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a unique ecosystem that surrounds tumor tissues. The TME is composed of extracellular matrix, immune cells, blood vessels, stromal cells, and fibroblasts. These environments enhance cancer development, progression, and metastasis. Recent success in immune checkpoint blockade also supports the importance of the TME and immune cells residing in the tumor niche. Although the TME can be identified in almost all cancer types, the role of the TME may not be similar among different cancer types. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a pivotal role in immune homeostasis and are frequently found in the TME. Owing to their suppressive function, Tregs are often considered unfavorable factors that allow the immune escape of cancer cells. However, the presence of Tregs is not always linked to an unfavorable phenotype, which can be explained by the heterogeneity and plasticity of Tregs. In this review, the current understanding of the role of Tregs in TME is addressed for each cancer cell type. Moreover, recently a therapeutic approach targeting Tregs infiltrating in the TME has been developed including drug antibody conjugate, immunotoxin, and FOXP3 inhibiting peptide. Thus, understanding the role of Tregs in the TME may lead to the development of novel therapies that directly target the TME.

Tregs在肿瘤微环境中的作用。
肿瘤微环境(tumor microenvironment, TME)是围绕在肿瘤组织周围的独特生态系统。TME由细胞外基质、免疫细胞、血管、基质细胞和成纤维细胞组成。这些环境促进了癌症的发展、进展和转移。最近在免疫检查点阻断方面的成功也支持了TME和驻留在肿瘤生态位中的免疫细胞的重要性。虽然TME可以在几乎所有的癌症类型中被发现,但TME的作用在不同的癌症类型中可能并不相似。调节性T细胞(Tregs)在免疫稳态中起着关键作用,经常在TME中发现。由于其抑制功能,Tregs通常被认为是允许癌细胞免疫逃逸的不利因素。然而,Tregs的存在并不总是与不利的表型相关,这可以通过Tregs的异质性和可塑性来解释。在这篇综述中,目前对Tregs在TME中的作用的理解是针对每种癌细胞类型的。此外,近年来针对Tregs浸润TME的治疗方法已被开发出来,包括药物抗体偶联物、免疫毒素和FOXP3抑制肽。因此,了解Tregs在TME中的作用可能会导致直接针对TME的新疗法的发展。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Biomedicines
Biomedicines Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology-General Biochemistry,Genetics and Molecular Biology
CiteScore
5.20
自引率
8.50%
发文量
2823
审稿时长
8 weeks
期刊介绍: Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059; CODEN: BIOMID) is an international, scientific, open access journal on biomedicines published quarterly online by MDPI.
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