Factors Influencing the Severity of Urinary and Defecatory Dysfunction Among the Middle-Aged and Older Adult Chinese Population: Longitudinal Study of a 5-Wave Survey Cohort.

IF 5 Q1 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY

JMIR Aging Pub Date : 2025-05-26 DOI:10.2196/70541

Haoran Zhu, Xiaoming Li, Liwei Jing, Jingli Kou, Lichao Gong, Rui Wang, Guangtian Liu, Chao Zhang, Jiayi Zhao, Jing Zhang

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Abstract

Background: Urinary and defecatory dysfunction (UDD) is a significant concern among the aging population in China. However, there is a lack of longitudinal research exploring the risk factors of UDD severity in Chinese older adults.

Objective: This study uses data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study spanning 2011 to 2020 to explore UDD risk factors in the middle-aged and older adult Chinese population, focusing on epidemiological characteristics and potential influences on severity.

Methods: A longitudinal cohort of over 10,000 participants from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study was analyzed across 5 waves using Bayesian logistic regression. This analysis examined associations between UDD severity and factors including demographic, lifestyle, and health-related factors, including comorbidities, BMI, and handgrip strength.

Results: Higher UDD prevalence was observed among female population, older adults, those with low education levels, and rural residents. Depression, arthritis, and low handgrip strength emerged as critical predictors of severe UDD. Additionally, abnormal BMI, both underweight (odds ratio [OR] 3.019, 95% CI 1.484-5.951; P=0.002) and obesity (OR 2.697, 95% CI 1.338-5.217; P=0.005), was strongly linked to increased severity and persistence of UDD. Participants aged 66 years and older exhibited the highest UDD prevalence, with both underweight and obese individuals facing the greatest risk of persistent and worsening symptoms.

Conclusions: This study is the first to longitudinally examine the risk factors of UDD severity in China's middle-aging and aging population. The findings underscore the need for targeted interventions focusing on muscle strength rehabilitation and comorbidity management to mitigate UDD progression, contributing to improved quality of life for older individuals.

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影响中国中老年人群尿、排便功能障碍严重程度的因素：一项五波调查队列的纵向研究

背景：尿和排便功能障碍（UDD）是中国老龄化人口中一个值得关注的问题。然而，缺乏对中国老年人UDD严重程度危险因素的纵向研究。目的：本研究利用2011 - 2020年中国健康与退休纵向研究的数据，探讨中国中老年人群UDD的危险因素，重点分析流行病学特征及其对严重程度的潜在影响。方法：采用贝叶斯逻辑回归方法，对中国健康与退休纵向研究的1万多名参与者进行5波的纵向队列分析。该分析检查了UDD严重程度与人口统计学、生活方式和健康相关因素（包括合并症、BMI和握力）之间的关系。结果：女性、老年人、低教育水平人群和农村居民UDD患病率较高。抑郁、关节炎和低握力是严重UDD的重要预测因素。此外，BMI异常，体重过轻(优势比[OR] 3.019, 95% CI 1.484-5.951；P=0.002)和肥胖(OR 2.697, 95% CI 1.338-5.217；P=0.005)，与UDD的严重程度和持续性增加密切相关。66岁及以上的参与者表现出最高的UDD患病率，体重过轻和肥胖个体面临持续和恶化症状的最大风险。结论：本研究首次对中国中老年人群UDD严重程度的危险因素进行了纵向研究。研究结果强调需要有针对性的干预措施，重点是肌肉力量康复和合并症管理，以减轻UDD的进展，有助于改善老年人的生活质量。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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