A partitioned Lagrangian finite element approach for the simulation of viscoelastic and elasto-viscoplastic free-surface flows

IF 6.9 1区 工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Giacomo Rizzieri, Liberato Ferrara, Massimiliano Cremonesi
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Abstract

Many materials, such as clays, fresh concrete, and biological fluids, exhibit elasto-viscoplastic (EVP) behaviour, transitioning between solid and fluid states under varying stress conditions. Among EVP models, Saramito’s constitutive law stands out for its thermodynamic consistency, smooth solid-to-fluid transition, and ability to accurately represent diverse materials with only four easily determinable parameters. However, computational challenges have mainly confined its application to 2D or axisymmetric confined flows. This work presents an innovative partitioned Lagrangian FEM approach for the simulation of transient free-surface viscoelastic and EVP flows. The Lagrangian framework allows to naturally track free surfaces and simplifies the constitutive equation by eliminating the convective term. The solver decouples the Navier–Stokes equations (solved implicitly) from the EVP constitutive law (solved explicitly), employing an adaptive sub-stepping procedure. An advantageous splitting of the Cauchy stress tensor is used in combination with the Both Sides Diffusion (BSD) stabilization technique to prevent issues linked to the ellipticity loss in the momentum equation, also for low solvent-polymer viscosity ratios. The FEM solver has been integrated within the Particle Finite Element Method (PFEM), an updated Lagrangian formulation equipped with an efficient re-meshing scheme, to simulate free-surface flows, large deformations in soft solids, and topological changes of the domain. Benchmark tests in 2D and 3D, including gravity-induced spreading, impacting drops, and dam-break scenarios are used to validate the framework and highlight the versatility of Saramito’s model, which can also successfully reproduce a wide range of simpler sub-cases, including viscoelastic, viscoplastic, and EVP behaviours.
粘弹性和弹粘塑性自由表面流动模拟的分区拉格朗日有限元方法
许多材料,如粘土、新混凝土和生物流体,都表现出弹粘塑性(EVP)行为,在不同的应力条件下在固体和流体状态之间转换。在EVP模型中,Saramito的本构定律因其热力学一致性、平滑的固-流过渡以及仅用四个容易确定的参数就能准确表示各种材料的能力而脱颖而出。然而,计算方面的挑战主要限制了其在二维或轴对称受限流动中的应用。这项工作提出了一种创新的分区拉格朗日有限元方法来模拟瞬态自由表面粘弹性和EVP流动。拉格朗日框架允许自然地跟踪自由表面,并通过消除对流项简化本构方程。求解器采用自适应子步进过程,将Navier-Stokes方程(隐式求解)与EVP本构律(显式求解)解耦。Cauchy应力张量的有利分裂与两侧扩散(BSD)稳定技术相结合,以防止动量方程中与椭圆性损失相关的问题,也适用于低溶剂-聚合物粘度比。有限元求解器已集成在粒子有限元法(PFEM)中,这是一种更新的拉格朗日公式,配备了有效的重网格方案,可以模拟自由表面流动,软固体中的大变形以及区域的拓扑变化。在2D和3D的基准测试中,包括重力引起的扩散、冲击落点和溃坝场景,用于验证框架,并强调Saramito模型的通用性,该模型还可以成功地重现一系列更简单的子案例,包括粘弹性、粘塑性和EVP行为。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
12.70
自引率
15.30%
发文量
719
审稿时长
44 days
期刊介绍: Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering stands as a cornerstone in the realm of computational science and engineering. With a history spanning over five decades, the journal has been a key platform for disseminating papers on advanced mathematical modeling and numerical solutions. Interdisciplinary in nature, these contributions encompass mechanics, mathematics, computer science, and various scientific disciplines. The journal welcomes a broad range of computational methods addressing the simulation, analysis, and design of complex physical problems, making it a vital resource for researchers in the field.
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