Haemostasis-altering effects of Milos viper (Macrovipera schweizeri) venom

IF 2.6 3区医学 Q3 TOXICOLOGY

Toxicology in Vitro Pub Date : 2025-05-22 DOI:10.1016/j.tiv.2025.106081

Ignazio Avella , Lennart Schulte , Maik Damm , Wolfgang Wüster , Andreas Vilcinskas , Tim Lüddecke

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Haemotoxicity is one of the primary symptoms of viperid envenomation, manifesting in cardiovascular and haemostatic disturbances such as hypotension, haemorrhage, and coagulopathy. Bites by the Milos viper (Macrovipera schweizeri) have been reported to induce symptoms affecting the blood system, including fibrinogenolysis, erythrocytopenia, and venom-induced consumption coagulopathy. Consistent with these reports, its venom contains a variety of haemotoxic components and has been observed to exert strong procoagulant activity on human plasma. However, a more comprehensive analysis of the effects of Milos viper venom on haemostasis is currently lacking. Here, we present an in vitro evaluation of the haemostasis-altering properties of M. schweizeri venom. We conducted bioassays on key haematological targets to assess the thrombin-like, plasmin-like, coagulation Factor Xa-like, and haemolytic activities of Milos viper venom. A clear, positive concentration-dependent effect was observed in the thrombin-like and the plasmin-like activity assays, ranging from 1.6 % to 77.4 % and from 5.8 % to 82.5 %, respectively. The relatively comparable, pronounced activities detected at higher venom concentrations for these two haematological targets may align with the fibrinogenolysis and consumption coagulopathy described following M. schweizeri envenomation. Conversely, the assays revealed negligible Factor Xa-like and haemolytic activities. Our analysis provides a detailed overview of the haemostasis-altering potential of the toxin arsenal of M. schweizeri, shedding new light on its coagulotoxic effects.

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巨蟒毒液的止血作用

血液毒性是毒蛇中毒的主要症状之一，表现为心血管和止血障碍，如低血压、出血和凝血功能障碍。据报道，被米洛斯毒蛇（Macrovipera schweizeri）咬伤会引起影响血液系统的症状，包括纤维蛋白原溶解、红细胞减少和毒液诱导的消耗性凝血功能障碍。与这些报道一致的是，它的毒液含有多种血液毒性成分，并被观察到对人血浆具有很强的促凝活性。然而，目前缺乏对米洛斯毒蛇毒液止血作用的更全面的分析。在这里，我们提出了一个体外评估的止血改变性质的瑞氏m.s weizeri毒液。我们对关键的血液学靶点进行了生物测定，以评估米氏蝰蛇毒液的凝血酶样、纤溶酶样、凝血因子xa样和溶血活性。在凝血酶样和纤溶酶样活性测定中观察到明显的阳性浓度依赖性效应，分别在1.6%至77.4%和5.8%至82.5%之间。在较高的毒液浓度下，这两种血液学目标检测到的相对可比的、明显的活性可能与施韦泽氏m.s heizeri毒液中毒后描述的纤维蛋白原溶解和消耗性凝血病一致。相反，检测显示可忽略的因子xa样和溶血活性。我们的分析提供了一个详细概述的止血改变潜力的毒素库的M. schweizeri，揭示新的光对其凝血毒性作用。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Toxicology in Vitro 医学-毒理学

CiteScore

6.50

自引率

3.10%

发文量

181

审稿时长

65 days

期刊介绍： Toxicology in Vitro publishes original research papers and reviews on the application and use of in vitro systems for assessing or predicting the toxic effects of chemicals and elucidating their mechanisms of action. These in vitro techniques include utilizing cell or tissue cultures, isolated cells, tissue slices, subcellular fractions, transgenic cell cultures, and cells from transgenic organisms, as well as in silico modelling. The Journal will focus on investigations that involve the development and validation of new in vitro methods, e.g. for prediction of toxic effects based on traditional and in silico modelling; on the use of methods in high-throughput toxicology and pharmacology; elucidation of mechanisms of toxic action; the application of genomics, transcriptomics and proteomics in toxicology, as well as on comparative studies that characterise the relationship between in vitro and in vivo findings. The Journal strongly encourages the submission of manuscripts that focus on the development of in vitro methods, their practical applications and regulatory use (e.g. in the areas of food components cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and industrial chemicals). Toxicology in Vitro discourages papers that record reporting on toxicological effects from materials, such as plant extracts or herbal medicines, that have not been chemically characterized.