The effect of different information methods on patients’ anxiety and preference for spinal versus general anesthesia in a Turkish cohort of women scheduled for cesarean delivery: a prospective observational study

Abstract

Background

Preoperative anxiety and misconceptions about spinal anesthesia often influence anesthesia preference in cesarean delivery. Patient education may improve both anxiety and informed decision-making.

Methods

In this prospective observational study, 300 pregnant women scheduled for elective cesarean delivery received one of three preoperative information methods: verbal explanation, pictorial illustration, or video-based education. Baseline and post- intervention anxiety were assessed using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and Visual Analog Scale for Anxiety (VAS-A). Anesthesia preference and satisfaction were also recorded.

Results

Spinal anesthesia was initially preferred by 36% of participants. After receiving preoperative information, this rate increased to 73%. Among those who had initially preferred general anesthesia, 58.33% changed their choice. Preference change rates varied by information type: 43.33% following verbal information, 72.22% following graphic illustration information, and 56.67% with video-based information. Significant reductions were observed in both STAI and VAS-A scores across all groups (P <0.005). High satisfaction was reported by most participants, including those who changed their preference.

Conclusion

Preoperative education significantly reduced anxiety and influenced anesthesia preference (changing from general to spinal anesthesia) for elective cesarean delivery. Graphic illustration were the most effective in promoting a change in preference in favor of spinal anesthesia. Integrating structured, visual educational tools into preoperative counseling may support informed maternal decision-making and improve perioperative experience.