The impact of diet and regular mixers on breath alcohol concentration: A comparative study

IF 2.9 3区医学 Q2 TOXICOLOGY

Toxicology letters Pub Date : 2025-05-21 DOI:10.1016/j.toxlet.2025.05.009

Asena Avci Akca , Atholl Johnston

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Abstract

Objective

The use of alcoholic beverages with 'diet' mixers is becoming more popular. The purpose of this study was to assess BrAC and the pace of stomach emptying in healthy volunteers after consuming either sucrose-containing or artificially sweetened alcoholic beverages.

Method

This was a two-way crossover trial with an open label. The subjects consumed alcohol on two consecutive occasions conducted in the morning (9:00am-12:00 pm), once with diet coke and once with standard coke. In a randomised order, twelve healthy participants (n = 12, 8 male and 4 female) aged 19–64 years were studied twice. They drank a standardised (0.5 g/kg body weight) volume of vodka (37.5 % ABV) over a time period of 1 minute in each session, prepared with either 'regular' coke with 35 g sugar in 330 mL or 'diet' coke with artificial sweetener which is aspartame. Their BrAC was measured every 15 minutes for 3 hours. Their breath samples for stomach emptying measurement were taken separately in breath bags right after the breath alcohol measurement. The gastric half-emptying time (t_1/2) and lag phase time (tl_ag) characteristics of these breath samples were determined.

Results

Diet coke increased both the peak BrAC (38.3 ± 9.45 vs. 34.8 ± 6.82 μg/100 mL) and the area under the breath ethanol curve between 0 and 180 minutes (45249.0 ± 95.7 vs. 40439.25 ± 72.5 μg·min/L). Using nonlinear regression analysis, the diet drink showed a shorter half-emptying time (t_1/2) than the regular drink (100.09 ± 35.42 vs. 110.74 ± 66.71 min), while the lag phase (t_lag) was slightly longer (49.35 ± 13.52 vs. 46.63 ± 13.90 min)."

Conclusions

This study emphasises the need of considering factors other than the alcohol level of a drink when determining safe quantities of intake and the potential of intoxication. The lack of sucrose in diet mixers may cause faster stomach emptying of alcohol, increasing its absorption rate into the blood, resulting in higher peak BrAC and increased exposure to other alcohol-related dangers.

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饮食和常规混合器对呼气酒精浓度影响的比较研究。

目的：使用含“减肥”的酒精饮料正变得越来越流行。本研究的目的是评估健康志愿者在饮用含蔗糖或人工加糖的酒精饮料后的BrAC和胃排空速度。方法：这是一项开放标签的双向交叉试验。受试者在上午（9:00am-12:00pm）连续两次饮酒，一次饮用无糖可乐，一次饮用标准可乐。按随机顺序，对12名年龄在19-64岁的健康参与者（n=12，男性8名，女性4名）进行了两次研究。他们在每组1分钟的时间内饮用标准体积（0.5g/kg体重）的伏特加（37.5% ABV），用330毫升含35克糖的“普通”可乐或加人工甜味剂阿斯巴甜的“无糖”可乐调制。他们的BrAC每15分钟测量一次，持续3小时。他们的呼气样本用于胃排空测量，在呼气酒精测量后，分别在呼气袋中采集。测定这些呼吸样本的胃半排空时间（t1/2）和滞后相时间（lag）特征。结果：无糖可乐使BrAC峰值（38.3±9.45比34.8±6.82 μg/100mL）和呼气乙醇曲线下面积（45249.0±95.7比40439.25±72.5 μg·min/L）增加。非线性回归分析显示，无糖饮料的半排空时间（t1/2）较普通饮料短（100.09±35.42 min vs. 110.74±66.71min），滞后期（lag）略长（49.35±13.52 min vs. 46.63±13.90min）。“结论：这项研究强调，在确定安全摄入量和中毒可能性时，需要考虑酒精含量以外的其他因素。饮食混合物中缺乏蔗糖可能会导致酒精的胃排空更快，增加其进入血液的吸收率，导致BrAC峰值更高，并增加暴露于其他与酒精有关的危险的风险。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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