Simulation of Magnetically Targeted Drug Delivery for Two-Phase Blood Flow in Stenotic Arteries Under Hall and Ion Influence

Abstract

The present study investigates the efficacy of targeted drug delivery mechanisms in unsteady blood flow by incorporating the infusion of magnetic nanoparticles ${\mathrm{Fe}}_3{\mathrm{O}}_4$ within a stenosed artery. The study employs a two-phase mathematical model, including a power law fluid model in the core region and a Newtonian model in plasma regions. The study systematically examines several critical parameters, including Hall and ion effects, radiation, and viscous dissipation, to determine their impact on the diseased arterial segment. The discretized governing equations are solved using Method of Lines (MOL) approach that transforms the spatial and time variables into adjoint ordinary differential equations (ODEs) in the time variable domain. The results obtained from the study reveal that an increase in the particle mass parameter ($G$) is associated with a reduction in the velocities of both nanoparticles and nanofluid. Additionally, a detailed time series analysis of flow rate profiles indicates a declining trend in the Weissenberg parameter ($We$), particularly in the context of shear-thickening fluid. Overall, this research advances the understanding of magnetic drug targeting and contributes valuable knowledge to biomedical fluid dynamics, which has significant implications for developing targeted drug delivery systems and their potential applications in healthcare.