{"title":"Circular orbits and chaos bound in slow-rotating curved acoustic black holes","authors":"Balbeer Singh, Nibedita Padhi, Rashmi R. Nayak","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14311-w","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Acoustic black holes, analogs of gravitational black holes created in fluid systems, have recently been embedded within Schwarzschild spacetime using the Gross–Pitaevskii theory, leading to configurations with both event and acoustic horizons. This study examines the motion of vortices, modeled as unit-mass relativistic test particles, around a slow-rotating curved acoustic black hole. We analyse the stability of circular orbits, identifying the innermost stable circular orbit (ISCO), and investigate the chaotic dynamics of vortices perturbed from unstable circular orbits near the acoustic horizon. Using the Lyapunov exponent to quantify this chaos, we assess whether it satisfies the Maldacena–Shenker–Stanford bound <span>\\((\\lambda \\le 2 \\pi T_H)\\)</span>, a limit established for gravitational black holes in general relativity. Our results show that, in non-extremal cases <span>\\((\\xi > 4)\\)</span>, the Lyapunov exponent respects the bound near the horizon, while in extremal cases <span>\\((\\xi = 4)\\)</span>, it is violated due to vanishing surface gravity. These findings highlight similarities between acoustic and gravitational black holes, advancing the analogy in the context of chaos and orbital dynamics.\n</p></div>","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"85 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14311-w.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"The European Physical Journal C","FirstCategoryId":"4","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14311-w","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"PHYSICS, PARTICLES & FIELDS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Acoustic black holes, analogs of gravitational black holes created in fluid systems, have recently been embedded within Schwarzschild spacetime using the Gross–Pitaevskii theory, leading to configurations with both event and acoustic horizons. This study examines the motion of vortices, modeled as unit-mass relativistic test particles, around a slow-rotating curved acoustic black hole. We analyse the stability of circular orbits, identifying the innermost stable circular orbit (ISCO), and investigate the chaotic dynamics of vortices perturbed from unstable circular orbits near the acoustic horizon. Using the Lyapunov exponent to quantify this chaos, we assess whether it satisfies the Maldacena–Shenker–Stanford bound \((\lambda \le 2 \pi T_H)\), a limit established for gravitational black holes in general relativity. Our results show that, in non-extremal cases \((\xi > 4)\), the Lyapunov exponent respects the bound near the horizon, while in extremal cases \((\xi = 4)\), it is violated due to vanishing surface gravity. These findings highlight similarities between acoustic and gravitational black holes, advancing the analogy in the context of chaos and orbital dynamics.
期刊介绍:
Experimental Physics I: Accelerator Based High-Energy Physics
Hadron and lepton collider physics
Lepton-nucleon scattering
High-energy nuclear reactions
Standard model precision tests
Search for new physics beyond the standard model
Heavy flavour physics
Neutrino properties
Particle detector developments
Computational methods and analysis tools
Experimental Physics II: Astroparticle Physics
Dark matter searches
High-energy cosmic rays
Double beta decay
Long baseline neutrino experiments
Neutrino astronomy
Axions and other weakly interacting light particles
Gravitational waves and observational cosmology
Particle detector developments
Computational methods and analysis tools
Theoretical Physics I: Phenomenology of the Standard Model and Beyond
Electroweak interactions
Quantum chromo dynamics
Heavy quark physics and quark flavour mixing
Neutrino physics
Phenomenology of astro- and cosmoparticle physics
Meson spectroscopy and non-perturbative QCD
Low-energy effective field theories
Lattice field theory
High temperature QCD and heavy ion physics
Phenomenology of supersymmetric extensions of the SM
Phenomenology of non-supersymmetric extensions of the SM
Model building and alternative models of electroweak symmetry breaking
Flavour physics beyond the SM
Computational algorithms and tools...etc.