Self-Reported Health Care Disparities and Barriers Among LGBTQIA+ Individuals: Implications for Equitable Health Care Delivery.

IF 1.3 4区医学 Q3 FAMILY STUDIES

Family & Community Health Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-12 DOI:10.1097/FCH.0000000000000436

Jill Del Pozzo, Carrie Esopenko, Jason D Flatt, Kristen Dams-O'Connor

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background and objectives: Nearly 24 million adults in the United States identify as LGBTQIA+, facing significant health disparities due to discrimination, structural barriers, and lack of culturally competent health care. This study explores health care disparities, barriers, facilitators, and the association of perceived discrimination on LGBTQIA+ health care.

Methods: Participants were recruited from June 2023 to January 2024 using convenience sampling methods via LGBTQIA+ organizations and social media platforms. A total of 501 participants completed a REDCap survey, with 255 providing complete data. The survey queried demographics, physical and mental health, and health care utilization. Data analysis included descriptive statistics and CHERRIES guidelines.

Results: Participants reported significant barriers to care, including being uninsured (22%), geographic distance (33%), fear of negative reactions (26%), and past trauma (23%). Discrimination in health care settings was reported by 83%, impacting access. High rates of homelessness (26%), food insecurity (73%), and chronic medical conditions (92%) were reported. Approximately 55% reported head trauma, 26% experienced intimate partner violence-related head injuries, and only 44% sought care for head injuries. Moderate depressive and anxiety symptoms were common, and 49% screened positive for possible PTSD.

Conclusions: This study highlights barriers to care reported by LGBTQIA+ individuals, emphasizing the need for culturally informed services. Addressing these disparities requires education, cultural humility, and systemic reforms to reduce disparities in health care for LGBTQIA+ individuals.

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LGBTQIA+个体自我报告的卫生保健差异和障碍：对公平卫生保健服务的影响

背景和目的：美国有近2400万成年人认定为LGBTQIA+，由于歧视、结构性障碍和缺乏文化上合格的医疗保健，他们面临着巨大的健康差距。本研究探讨了LGBTQIA+群体在医疗保健方面的差异、障碍、促进因素以及感知歧视的关联。方法：于2023年6月至2024年1月，通过LGBTQIA+组织和社交媒体平台采用便捷抽样方法招募参与者。共有501名参与者完成了REDCap的调查，其中255人提供了完整的数据。该调查询问了人口统计、身心健康和医疗保健利用情况。数据分析包括描述性统计和樱桃指南。结果：参与者报告了治疗的重大障碍，包括没有保险（22%），地理距离（33%），害怕负面反应（26%）和过去的创伤（23%）。据报告，有83%的人在卫生保健环境中受到歧视，影响了获取机会。据报告，无家可归（26%）、粮食不安全（73%）和慢性疾病（92%）的比例很高。大约55%的人报告头部创伤，26%的人经历过与亲密伴侣暴力有关的头部损伤，只有44%的人因头部损伤寻求治疗。中度抑郁和焦虑症状很常见，49%的人在可能的PTSD筛查中呈阳性。结论：本研究突出了LGBTQIA+个体报告的护理障碍，强调了文化知情服务的必要性。解决这些差异需要教育、文化谦逊和系统性改革，以减少LGBTQIA+个体在医疗保健方面的差异。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Family & Community Health Multiple-

CiteScore

2.70

自引率

4.30%

发文量

期刊介绍： Family & Community Health is a practical quarterly which presents creative, multidisciplinary perspectives and approaches for effective public and community health programs. Each issue focuses on a single timely topic and addresses issues of concern to a wide variety of population groups with diverse ethnic backgrounds, including children and the elderly, men and women, and rural and urban communities.