[Anti-leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 (LGI1) encephalitis diagnosed from T1 signal intensity changes in basal ganglia: a case report and literature review].
{"title":"[Anti-leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 (LGI1) encephalitis diagnosed from T<sub>1</sub> signal intensity changes in basal ganglia: a case report and literature review].","authors":"Takanobu Kita, Hiroaki Okada, Yoshiyuki Nakai, Masahiro Kanai, Keiji Yamaguchi","doi":"10.5692/clinicalneurol.cn-002084","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 78-year-old male presented with abnormal behavior, which progressed to tonic-clonic seizures in right upper limb and impaired consciousness two weeks later. Initial brain MRI and cerebrospinal fluid findings were normal. However, on the 5th day, diffusion-weighted imaging revealed hyperintense areas in the left basal frontal lobe, striatum, and insular cortex. By the 12th day, T<sub>1</sub>-weighted imaging demonstrated hyperintensity in the left striatum. The symptoms almost improved before the initiation of immunotherapy. Based on the time-course changes in MRI findings and positive serum leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 (LGI1) antibody results, the patient was diagnosed with anti-LGI1 encephalitis. The patient also had basal cell carcinoma. T<sub>1</sub> hyperintensity in the basal ganglia is a useful diagnostic feature of anti-LGI1 encephalitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":39292,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neurology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Clinical Neurology","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.5692/clinicalneurol.cn-002084","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"Medicine","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
A 78-year-old male presented with abnormal behavior, which progressed to tonic-clonic seizures in right upper limb and impaired consciousness two weeks later. Initial brain MRI and cerebrospinal fluid findings were normal. However, on the 5th day, diffusion-weighted imaging revealed hyperintense areas in the left basal frontal lobe, striatum, and insular cortex. By the 12th day, T1-weighted imaging demonstrated hyperintensity in the left striatum. The symptoms almost improved before the initiation of immunotherapy. Based on the time-course changes in MRI findings and positive serum leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 (LGI1) antibody results, the patient was diagnosed with anti-LGI1 encephalitis. The patient also had basal cell carcinoma. T1 hyperintensity in the basal ganglia is a useful diagnostic feature of anti-LGI1 encephalitis.
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