ParaValve: An open source framework for parametric design and fluid–structure interaction simulation of bioprosthetic heart valves in patient-specific aortic geometries

Abstract

Heart valve disease (HVD), a significant cardiovascular complication, is one of the leading global causes of morbidity and mortality. Treatment for HVD often involves medical devices such as bioprosthetic valves. However, the design and optimization of these devices require a thorough understanding of their biomechanical and hemodynamic interactions with patient-specific anatomical structures. Parametric procedural geometry has become a powerful tool in enhancing the efficiency and accuracy of design optimization for such devices, allowing researchers to systematically explore a wide range of possible configurations. In this work, we present a robust framework for parametric and procedural modeling of stented bioprosthetic heart valves and patient-specific aortic geometries. The framework employs non-uniform rational B-splines (NURBS)-based geometric parameterization, enabling precise control over key anatomical and design variables. By enabling a modular and expandable workflow, the framework supports iterative optimization of valve designs to achieve improved hemodynamic performance and durability. We demonstrate its applicability through simulations on bioprosthetic aortic valves, highlighting the impact of geometric parameters on valve function and their potential for personalized device design. By coupling parametric geometry with computational tools, this framework offers researchers and engineers a streamlined pathway toward innovative and patient-specific cardiovascular solutions.