Synergistic effects of Mg2+, Sn4+, and Cu2+ co-doping on the magnetic and dielectric properties of yttrium iron garnet ferrites

Abstract

In this research, YIG ferrite co-doped with Mg²⁺, Sn⁴⁺, and Cu²⁺, represented by Y₃Fe_4.8-xMg_xCu_0.1Sn_0.1O₁₂, was synthesized. Structural characterization showed effective incorporation of dopants into the YIG lattice, and occupying the octahedral a-sites, replacing Fe³⁺ ions, and expanding the lattice. Magnetic properties varied with Mg²⁺ levels: saturation magnetization peaked at 33.42 emu/g (x = 0.20), and the ferromagnetic resonance linewidth was minimized at 30 Oe (x = 0.15). Permeability peaked at x = 0.15. Dielectric constant increased with Mg²⁺ concentration, while dielectric loss remained low. This study provides a strategy for high-performance YIG ferrites for miniaturization and integration.