Floral diversity, structural integrity, and regeneration patterns of Endba-Zend dry Afromontane forest in Northwestern Ethiopia.

IF 2.3 Q2 ECOLOGY
Yitayih Dessie, Nigussie Amsalu, Belayneh Awoke, Getaneh Gebeyehu
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Abstract

This study was carried out at Endba-Zend Forest in Sekela District, Northwestern Ethiopia, to investigate the plant species composition, structure, and regeneration status of a remnant forest. The vegetative data were collected using a systematic sampling technique. Four transects were put throughout a forest, 250 m apart and directed northwest-southeast. To collect vegetative data for trees and lianas, a 20 m ×20 m (400 m2) main plot was established at 50 m intervals. Five nested subplots were arranged at four corners of the main plot and one at the center to collect data for shrubs, herbaceous plants, and the regeneration state of woody species. The diameter at breast height (DBH), height, and cover abundance values were measured with a tape meter, a calibrated stick, and an ocular estimating device, respectively. The Shannon-Weiner and Sorenson's similarity index were used to assess the forest's species diversity. A total of 77 species belonging to 64 genera and 35 families were documented. The most diverse family was Asteraceae, which included 13 species, followed by Solanaceae (7 species). The forest had a total density of 663.95 stems ha-1. The most common species in the forest area was Mytenus obscura, which occupied 88% of the total plots. Schefflera abyssinica was the dominating species, with higher basal area (BA) (9.84 m2 ha-1) and Important Value Index IVI (52.52%). The Shannon diversity index and evenness values for the forest were 2.6 and 0.75, respectively. Three distinct community types were identified: Vachellia abyssinica-Prunus Africana (Community type I), Mytenus obscura-Vernonia myrianta (Community type II), and Rubus steudneri-Dombeya torrida (Community type III). There was found a substantial similarity between community types I and II (Ss = 0.71). The seedling, sapling, and mature tree ratio indicated a fair regeneration status for the forest. Selective tree cutting and overgrazing cause significant disruptions to the forest environment. As a result, it requires special attention (conservation priority) to ensure the sustainable use of vegetation by offering alternative energy sources to the local community.

埃塞俄比亚西北部Endba-Zend非洲山地干旱林的植物多样性、结构完整性和更新模式
本研究在埃塞俄比亚西北部塞克拉地区的Endba-Zend森林进行,调查了一片残存森林的植物种类组成、结构和更新状况。采用系统取样技术采集植物数据。在森林中放置了四个横断面,间隔250米,朝向西北-东南。为了收集树木和藤本植物的营养数据,每隔50 m建立一个20 m ×20 m (400 m2)的主地块。在主样地的四角和中心分别设置了5个嵌套样地,用于收集灌木、草本植物和木本植物的更新情况。胸径(DBH)、胸径(height)和覆盖度(cover abundance)分别用卷尺、刻度棒和眼测仪测量。采用Shannon-Weiner和Sorenson相似指数对森林物种多样性进行了评价。共记录到35科64属77种。菊科植物种类最多,有13种,其次是茄科(7种)。森林总密度为663.95根/公顷。林区最常见的种是密藤,占样地总数的88%。深草舍弗勒为优势种,其基础面积(BA)为9.84 m2 ha-1,重要价值指数(IVI)为52.52%。森林的Shannon多样性指数和均匀度分别为2.6和0.75。鉴定出3种不同的群落类型:阿比西尼亚-非洲李(群落类型I)、密藤-肉豆杉(群落类型II)和石竹-托里达(群落类型III)。I型和II型群落之间存在显著的相似性(s = 0.71)。幼苗、幼树和成熟树的比例表明森林的更新状况良好。选择性砍伐树木和过度放牧对森林环境造成严重破坏。因此,需要特别注意(保护优先事项),通过向当地社区提供替代能源来确保植被的可持续利用。
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