Femoral varus deformity predominates in male Chinese osteoarthritis patients with geographic variability in functional knee phenotypes

IF 5 2区医学 Q1 ORTHOPEDICS

Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy Pub Date : 2025-05-19 DOI:10.1002/ksa.12693

Songlin Li, Jiaming He, Weibo Zheng, Xuezhou Li, Jie Yang, Zhe Li, Houyi Sun, Zhuang Miao, Wenwei Qian, Peilai Liu, Qunshan Lu

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Abstract

Purpose

The aims of this study were to generalise the distribution and sex differences in functional knee phenotypes in a Chinese osteoarthritis (OA) population and to compare the distributions of functional knee phenotypes across geographic regions.

Methods

Knee phenotypes were evaluated according to Hirschmann's classification in 908 knees with OA, and the correlations among the hip–knee–ankle angle (HKA), femoral mechanical angle (FMA) and tibial mechanical angle (TMA) and their differences between the sexes were described. Studies reporting the distributions of functional knee phenotypes for arthritic knees were included to compare the variability in geographic distribution.

Results

The average values (males, females) of the HKA (173.1 ± 5.4°, 174.0 ± 6.9°), FMA (90.5 ± 2.9°, 91.6 ± 3.5°), and TMA (85.7 ± 3.1°, 85.7 ± 3.6°) demonstrated that the Chinese OA population tended towards femoral and tibial varus deformities in both males and females. A total of 145 functional knee phenotypes were identified in all 908 knees, comprising 68 types in males and 136 types in females. The most common phenotypes were VAR_HKA6° + VAR_FMA3° + NEU_TMA0° (5.7%) for all knees, VAR_HKA3° + NEU_FMA0° + NEU_TMA0° (7.4%) for males and VAR_HKA6° + VAR_FMA3° + NEU_TMA0° (5.4%) for females. The incidence of femoral varus deformity was greater than that of tibial varus deformity in 48.4% of males and 36.5% of females, and the incidence of tibial varus deformity was greater than that of femoral varus deformity in 24.7% of males and 35.2% of females. Seven studies including 16,395 knees were identified. The main femoral and tibial phenotypes in different geographic regions were VAR_FMA3° and NEU_TMA0°, but their proportional distributions differed significantly.

Conclusions

Sex differences in the functional knee phenotypes of OA patients in China were identified. Femoral varus deformity was more common than tibial varus deformity in males, whereas the difference was minimal in females. Moreover, functional knee phenotypes varied significantly across geographic regions.

Level of Evidence

Level IV.

Abstract Image

查看原文本刊更多论文

股骨内翻畸形在中国男性骨关节炎患者中占主导地位，在功能性膝关节表型上具有地理差异。

目的：本研究的目的是概括中国骨关节炎（OA）人群功能性膝关节表型的分布和性别差异，并比较不同地理区域功能性膝关节表型的分布。方法：采用Hirschmann分级法对908例骨性关节炎膝关节进行表型分析，分析髋关节-膝关节-踝关节角（HKA）、股骨机械角（FMA）和胫骨机械角（TMA）的相关性及其性别差异。报告功能性膝关节表型分布的研究包括关节炎膝关节，以比较地理分布的可变性。结果：HKA（173.1±5.4°，174.0±6.9°）、FMA（90.5±2.9°，91.6±3.5°）和TMA（85.7±3.1°，85.7±3.6°）的平均值（男女）表明，中国OA人群男女均倾向于股骨和胫骨内翻畸形。在所有908个膝关节中共鉴定出145种功能性膝关节表型，其中男性68种，女性136种。最常见的表型为全膝关节VARHKA6°+ VARFMA3°+ NEUTMA0°（5.7%），男性为VARHKA3°+ NEUFMA0°+ NEUTMA0°（7.4%），女性为VARHKA6°+ VARFMA3°+ NEUTMA0°（5.4%）。股骨内翻畸形发生率男性为48.4%，女性为36.5%，胫骨内翻畸形发生率男性为24.7%，女性为35.2%，股骨内翻畸形发生率高于股骨内翻畸形。7项研究包括16395个膝盖。不同地理区域股骨和胫骨主要表型为VARFMA3°和NEUTMA0°，但其比例分布差异显著。结论：确定了中国OA患者功能性膝关节表型的性别差异。股骨内翻畸形在男性中比胫骨内翻畸形更常见，而在女性中差异很小。此外，功能性膝关节表型在不同地理区域差异显著。证据等级：四级。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy 医学-外科

CiteScore

8.10

自引率

18.40%

发文量

418

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Few other areas of orthopedic surgery and traumatology have undergone such a dramatic evolution in the last 10 years as knee surgery, arthroscopy and sports traumatology. Ranked among the top 33% of journals in both Orthopedics and Sports Sciences, the goal of this European journal is to publish papers about innovative knee surgery, sports trauma surgery and arthroscopy. Each issue features a series of peer-reviewed articles that deal with diagnosis and management and with basic research. Each issue also contains at least one review article about an important clinical problem. Case presentations or short notes about technical innovations are also accepted for publication. The articles cover all aspects of knee surgery and all types of sports trauma; in addition, epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment and prevention, and all types of arthroscopy (not only the knee but also the shoulder, elbow, wrist, hip, ankle, etc.) are addressed. Articles on new diagnostic techniques such as MRI and ultrasound and high-quality articles about the biomechanics of joints, muscles and tendons are included. Although this is largely a clinical journal, it is also open to basic research with clinical relevance. Because the journal is supported by a distinguished European Editorial Board, assisted by an international Advisory Board, you can be assured that the journal maintains the highest standards. Official Clinical Journal of the European Society of Sports Traumatology, Knee Surgery and Arthroscopy (ESSKA).