Dynamic neurocognitive adaptation: A follow-up exposome investigation in aging

IF 4.9 Q1 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY
Filippo Cieri, Chad Lee Cross, Giulia Di Francesco, Jessica Zoe Kirkland Caldwell
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

Forty-five percent of Alzheimer's disease (AD) cases may be preventable. Validated tools for measuring environmental factors, with precision equal to that of current biological and genetic assessment tools, are currently lacking.

METHODS

We used the dynamic Neurocognitive Adaptation (dNA) scale, our validated tool to explore protective factors in AD, in 410 older adult participants (50% women). The dNA asks participants to recall cognitive, creative, physical, and social activities that they engaged in at seven different time periods in their lives. We examined associations among engagement in these domains using distance correlations and tested differences in domain engagement over time with repeated-measures analysis of variance. We calculated within-subjects comparisons for time and all interactions among time, sex, and education. We examined between-subjects factors for sex, education, and their interaction. From these models, we constructed visualizations of estimated marginal means against time to assess potential patterns of interest.

RESULTS

Physical and creative domain engagements were significantly correlated (p < 0.001) in the full sample, and social engagement correlated with physical (p < 0.001) and creative (p = 0.047) domains among females. Cognitive engagement increased over time (p < 0.001) for the full sample, while physical and creative engagement increased from childhood to adolescence, then decreased over time (p < 0.001). In contrast, social engagement increased from childhood to adolescence, declined through the senior years, and then sharply increased in old age. Overall, women showed higher cognitive engagement (p = 0.024) and men showed higher physical engagement (p = 0.011). Education was positively related to higher scores in all domains.

DISCUSSION

Our scale provides new insight into the correlation of environmental factors with education, suggests areas for lifestyle intervention, and highlights the importance of sex differences and middle age as a potential transition stage.

Highlights

  • Physical activity decreases and cognitive activity increases through time.
  • Higher involvement in physical activities is correlated with creative and social dimensions.
  • Men are more involved in physical and women in cognitive activities.
  • Higher education is associated with higher involvement in all the dimensions explored.

Abstract Image

动态神经认知适应:衰老的随访暴露研究
45%的阿尔茨海默病(AD)病例是可以预防的。目前缺乏测量环境因素的有效工具,其精度与目前的生物和遗传评估工具相当。方法我们使用动态神经认知适应(dNA)量表,我们验证的工具来探索AD的保护因素,410名老年参与者(50%为女性)。dNA测试要求参与者回忆他们一生中七个不同时期参与的认知、创造性、身体和社会活动。我们使用距离相关性检查了这些领域参与之间的关联,并通过重复测量方差分析测试了领域参与随时间的差异。我们计算了时间和所有时间、性别和教育之间的相互作用的对象内比较。我们研究了性别、教育程度及其相互作用的受试者间因素。从这些模型中,我们构建了估计的边际均值随时间的可视化,以评估潜在的兴趣模式。结果:物理和创造性领域参与显著相关(p <;0.001),社交参与与身体素质相关(p <;0.001)和创造性领域(p = 0.047)。认知投入随着时间的推移而增加(p <;0.001),而身体和创造性参与从童年到青春期增加,然后随着时间的推移而减少(p <;0.001)。相比之下,社会参与从童年到青春期增加,在老年时期下降,然后在老年时期急剧增加。总体而言,女性表现出更高的认知投入(p = 0.024),男性表现出更高的身体投入(p = 0.011)。教育水平与所有领域的高分呈正相关。我们的量表为环境因素与教育的相关性提供了新的见解,提出了生活方式干预的领域,并强调了性别差异和中年作为潜在过渡阶段的重要性。随着时间的推移,身体活动减少,认知活动增加。更多地参与体育活动与创造力和社会维度相关。男性更多地参与身体活动,而女性更多地参与认知活动。高等教育与所探索的所有维度的更高参与度相关。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
10.10
自引率
2.10%
发文量
134
审稿时长
10 weeks
期刊介绍: Alzheimer''s & Dementia: Translational Research & Clinical Interventions (TRCI) is a peer-reviewed, open access,journal from the Alzheimer''s Association®. The journal seeks to bridge the full scope of explorations between basic research on drug discovery and clinical studies, validating putative therapies for aging-related chronic brain conditions that affect cognition, motor functions, and other behavioral or clinical symptoms associated with all forms dementia and Alzheimer''s disease. The journal will publish findings from diverse domains of research and disciplines to accelerate the conversion of abstract facts into practical knowledge: specifically, to translate what is learned at the bench into bedside applications. The journal seeks to publish articles that go beyond a singular emphasis on either basic drug discovery research or clinical research. Rather, an important theme of articles will be the linkages between and among the various discrete steps in the complex continuum of therapy development. For rapid communication among a multidisciplinary research audience involving the range of therapeutic interventions, TRCI will consider only original contributions that include feature length research articles, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, brief reports, narrative reviews, commentaries, letters, perspectives, and research news that would advance wide range of interventions to ameliorate symptoms or alter the progression of chronic neurocognitive disorders such as dementia and Alzheimer''s disease. The journal will publish on topics related to medicine, geriatrics, neuroscience, neurophysiology, neurology, psychiatry, clinical psychology, bioinformatics, pharmaco-genetics, regulatory issues, health economics, pharmacoeconomics, and public health policy as these apply to preclinical and clinical research on therapeutics.
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