HIV prevalence and factors associated with HIV positivity among Black people in primary care in Porto Alegre, Brazil, 2020-2022: a cross-sectional study.

IF 2.5 Q1 Multidisciplinary

Epidemiologia e Servicos de Saude Pub Date : 2025-05-12 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.1590/S2237-96222025v34e20240014.en

Emerson Silveira de Brito, Marsam Alves de Teixeira, Rafael Steffens Martins, Ben Hur Graboski Pinheiro, Ana Carolina Monteiro da Rocha, Cáren Nunes de Oliveira, Thayane Fraga de Paula, Thayane Martins Dornelles

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Abstract

Objective: To examine HIV prevalence among primary care service users and to investigate factors associated with positive HIV test results among Black people.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study with data from rapid HIV testing performed in health centers in Porto Alegre-RS, Brazil. Sociodemographic differences according to race/skin color and HIV test result were analyzed using the Chi-square test and Poisson regression with robust variance.

Results: Out of 92,345 people tested, 38% were Black, with 3.4% HIV prevalence. Among Black people the following were associated with higher HIV prevalence ratios (PR): being male (PR 1.62; 95% confidence interval [95%CI] 1.41; 1.85), having elementary education (PR 1.69; 95%CI 1.27; 2.24), having tuberculosis (PR 1.76; 95%CI 1.22; 2.54) and being a street dweller (PR 1.75; 95%CI 1.41; 2.18).

Conclusion: Black people, especially Black men with lower education levels, tuberculosis and street dwellers, have higher HIV prevalence, requiring greater attention from prevention strategies and testing for sexually transmitted infections.

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2020-2022年巴西阿雷格里港初级保健黑人中艾滋病毒流行率和与艾滋病毒阳性相关的因素：一项横断面研究

目的：了解黑人初级保健服务使用者中HIV的流行情况，并探讨HIV检测结果呈阳性的相关因素。方法：这是一项横断面研究，数据来自巴西阿雷格里港rs的卫生中心进行的快速艾滋病毒检测。采用卡方检验和泊松回归分析种族/肤色和HIV检测结果的社会人口统计学差异。结果：在接受检测的92345人中，黑人占38%，艾滋病毒感染率为3.4%。在黑人中，以下因素与较高的艾滋病毒流行率（PR）相关：男性(PR为1.62；95%置信区间[95% ci] 1.41；1.85)，受过初等教育(PR 1.69；95%可信区间1.27;2.24)，患有肺结核(PR 1.76；95%可信区间1.22;2.54)和成为街头居民(PR 1.75；95%可信区间1.41;2.18)。结论：黑人，尤其是受教育程度较低的黑人男性、结核病和街头居民的艾滋病患病率较高，需要加大对性传播感染预防策略和检测的重视。

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