Hybrid IgE-IgG1 antibodies (IgEG): a new antibody class that combines IgE and IgG functionality.

Abstract

IgG-based anti-cancer therapies have achieved promising clinical outcomes, but, especially for patients with solid tumors, response rates vary. IgE antibodies promote distinct immune responses compared to IgG and have shown anti-tumoral pre-clinical activity and preliminary efficacy and safety profile in clinical testing. To improve potency further, we engineered a hybrid IgE-IgG1 antibody (IgEG), to combine the functions of both isotypes. Two IgEGs were generated with variable regions taken from trastuzumab (Tras IgEG) and from a novel anti-HER2 IgE (26 IgEG). Both IgEGs expressed well in mammalian cells and demonstrated IgE-like stability. IgEGs demonstrated both IgE and IgG1 functionality in vitro. A lack of type I hypersensitivity associated with IgEG incubation with human blood is suggestive of acceptable safety. In vivo, IgEGs exhibited distinct pharmacokinetic profiles and produced anti-tumoral efficacy comparable to IgE. These findings highlight the potential of IgEG as a new therapeutic modality in oncology.