The Influence of Circumcision on Male Sexual Function: A Meta-Analysis of Satisfaction, Erectile Function, and Dyspareunia.

Abstract

This meta-analysis aims to systematically evaluate the effects of male circumcision on sexual function, providing insights that may inform clinical practice and future research. A comprehensive literature search was conducted in eight databases until January 30, 2025, with no language restrictions. Data analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.4.1, and the certainty of the evidence was assessed using the GRADE approach. This meta-analysis included 15 studies with a total of 14,737 participants. Although circumcision was associated with higher sexual satisfaction levels compared to noncircumcised men (OR: 2.48, 95% CI: 1.62-3.79, p < 0.00001), the findings should be interpreted with caution due to significant heterogeneity among the studies. Additionally, circumcised men reported a small but statistically significant improvement in erectile function (MD: 0.28, 95% CI: 0.11-0.46, p = 0.002) and a reduced likelihood of dyspareunia (OR: 0.38, 95% CI: 0.16-0.88, p = 0.03), suggesting possible improvements in comfort during intercourse. Furthermore, circumcision was linked to a lower risk of orgasm difficulties (OR: 0.26, 95% CI: 0.10-0.73, p = 0.01). However, the impact on premature ejaculation remains inconclusive, indicating a need for further research. Overall, this meta-analysis suggests that male circumcision may have potential positive effects on certain aspects of sexual function, particularly sexual satisfaction and erectile function. Nonetheless, the clinical significance of these findings is uncertain, and further investigation is warranted given the heterogeneity observed.