{"title":"Mechanisms of tumor-associated macrophages promoting tumor immune escape.","authors":"Shengfen Li, Mengxia Zhang, Yuan Gao, Can Zhao, Shuxian Liao, Xuhong Zhao, Qian Ning, Shengsong Tang","doi":"10.1093/carcin/bgaf023","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The phenomenon of tumor immune escape involves multiple mechanisms that enable tumor cells to evade recognition and assault by the host's immune system, facilitating their survival and growth within the organism. Furthermore, tumor immune escape represents a critical mechanism in tumor progression and significantly contributes to the unsuccessful outcomes of immunotherapy. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are recruited into the tumor microenvironment (TME), serving a pivotal role in modulating tumor immune escape. An increasing body of research has demonstrated that TAMs are linked to unfavorable cancer prognosis and drug resistance. They suppress immune cell activity, hinder antigen presentation, and inhibit T cell activation, thereby helping tumor cells evade immune attacks. Consequently, elucidating the mechanisms by which TAMs promote tumor immune escape is crucial for developing novel immunotherapeutic strategies and improving the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. In terms of clinical relevance, studies on TAMs have revealed their significant roles in various types of cancer. In recent years, transformational therapies such as CSF-1R inhibitors and CD40 agonists targeting TAMs have entered clinical trials and are expected to reverse immunosuppression and enhance immunotherapy response. These studies provide new directions for improving the effectiveness of existing immunotherapies and overcoming drug resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":9446,"journal":{"name":"Carcinogenesis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Carcinogenesis","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1093/carcin/bgaf023","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ONCOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The phenomenon of tumor immune escape involves multiple mechanisms that enable tumor cells to evade recognition and assault by the host's immune system, facilitating their survival and growth within the organism. Furthermore, tumor immune escape represents a critical mechanism in tumor progression and significantly contributes to the unsuccessful outcomes of immunotherapy. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are recruited into the tumor microenvironment (TME), serving a pivotal role in modulating tumor immune escape. An increasing body of research has demonstrated that TAMs are linked to unfavorable cancer prognosis and drug resistance. They suppress immune cell activity, hinder antigen presentation, and inhibit T cell activation, thereby helping tumor cells evade immune attacks. Consequently, elucidating the mechanisms by which TAMs promote tumor immune escape is crucial for developing novel immunotherapeutic strategies and improving the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. In terms of clinical relevance, studies on TAMs have revealed their significant roles in various types of cancer. In recent years, transformational therapies such as CSF-1R inhibitors and CD40 agonists targeting TAMs have entered clinical trials and are expected to reverse immunosuppression and enhance immunotherapy response. These studies provide new directions for improving the effectiveness of existing immunotherapies and overcoming drug resistance.
期刊介绍:
Carcinogenesis: Integrative Cancer Research is a multi-disciplinary journal that brings together all the varied aspects of research that will ultimately lead to the prevention of cancer in man. The journal publishes papers that warrant prompt publication in the areas of Biology, Genetics and Epigenetics (including the processes of promotion, progression, signal transduction, apoptosis, genomic instability, growth factors, cell and molecular biology, mutation, DNA repair, genetics, etc.), Cancer Biomarkers and Molecular Epidemiology (including genetic predisposition to cancer, and epidemiology), Inflammation, Microenvironment and Prevention (including molecular dosimetry, chemoprevention, nutrition and cancer, etc.), and Carcinogenesis (including oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes in carcinogenesis, therapy resistance of solid tumors, cancer mouse models, apoptosis and senescence, novel therapeutic targets and cancer drugs).