{"title":"Unraveling the Intricacies: The Role of miRNAs in the Progression and Initiation of Alzheimer's Disease","authors":"Forouzan Amerizadeh, Elnaz Farzadifar","doi":"10.2174/0115672050374376250416044512","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aims to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying Alzheimer's disease (AD) by analyzing differentially expressed miRNAs and their target proteins to identify key regulatory networks and therapeutic targets.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder with multifaceted regulatory mechanisms involving differentially expressed miRNAs. Recent studies suggest that understanding the target proteins of these miRNAs may reveal crucial insights into AD pathology.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study was to investigate the role of differentially expressed miRNAs in Alzheimer's disease (AD) by identifying their target proteins and exploring the associated regulatory networks. This includes uncovering key hub proteins and their involvement in critical biological pathways linked to AD progression. Additionally, the study aims to identify transcription factors regulating these proteins and evaluate potential therapeutic compounds targeting these molecular players. By integrating these findings, the research seeks to provide a deeper understanding of AD pathogenesis and pave the way for novel therapeutic strategies to mitigate its progression.</p><p><strong>Methods and materials: </strong>Differentially expressed miRNAs were collected from reviews, with target proteins identified using MiRDB, STRING, and Cytoscape. Promoter and transcription factor (TF) analyses were performed using Enrichr, and potential therapeutic compounds targeting hub proteins were explored via DrugBank.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study identifies key hub proteins, including TNF, PTEN, KRAS, ESR1, H3-3B, COL25A1, COL19A1, COL13A1, COL27A1, COL5A3, CCND1, FGF2, SMAD2, and PXDN, exploring their roles in AD progression. GO and KEGG pathway analyses revealed that hub proteins, including TNF, PTEN, KRAS, and ESR1, are involved in essential biological processes related to neural differentiation and signaling. Cytocluster analysis identified clusters with significant associations with AD, indicating complex interaction networks among these proteins.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Potential therapeutic agents, including TNF inhibitors, estrogen receptor agonists, and KRAS inhibitors, were identified. Promoter and TF analysis further highlighted regulatory factors in AD pathways.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study emphasizes crucial AD-related proteins and pathways, providing insights for future therapeutic targeting of gene expression to mitigate AD progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":94309,"journal":{"name":"Current Alzheimer research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Current Alzheimer research","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115672050374376250416044512","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
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Abstract
Aim: This study aims to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying Alzheimer's disease (AD) by analyzing differentially expressed miRNAs and their target proteins to identify key regulatory networks and therapeutic targets.
Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder with multifaceted regulatory mechanisms involving differentially expressed miRNAs. Recent studies suggest that understanding the target proteins of these miRNAs may reveal crucial insights into AD pathology.
Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the role of differentially expressed miRNAs in Alzheimer's disease (AD) by identifying their target proteins and exploring the associated regulatory networks. This includes uncovering key hub proteins and their involvement in critical biological pathways linked to AD progression. Additionally, the study aims to identify transcription factors regulating these proteins and evaluate potential therapeutic compounds targeting these molecular players. By integrating these findings, the research seeks to provide a deeper understanding of AD pathogenesis and pave the way for novel therapeutic strategies to mitigate its progression.
Methods and materials: Differentially expressed miRNAs were collected from reviews, with target proteins identified using MiRDB, STRING, and Cytoscape. Promoter and transcription factor (TF) analyses were performed using Enrichr, and potential therapeutic compounds targeting hub proteins were explored via DrugBank.
Results: This study identifies key hub proteins, including TNF, PTEN, KRAS, ESR1, H3-3B, COL25A1, COL19A1, COL13A1, COL27A1, COL5A3, CCND1, FGF2, SMAD2, and PXDN, exploring their roles in AD progression. GO and KEGG pathway analyses revealed that hub proteins, including TNF, PTEN, KRAS, and ESR1, are involved in essential biological processes related to neural differentiation and signaling. Cytocluster analysis identified clusters with significant associations with AD, indicating complex interaction networks among these proteins.
Discussion: Potential therapeutic agents, including TNF inhibitors, estrogen receptor agonists, and KRAS inhibitors, were identified. Promoter and TF analysis further highlighted regulatory factors in AD pathways.
Conclusion: This study emphasizes crucial AD-related proteins and pathways, providing insights for future therapeutic targeting of gene expression to mitigate AD progression.
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