Impact of Blastocystis carriage and colonization intensity on gut microbiota composition in a non-westernized rural population from Colombia.

IF 3.4 2区 医学 Q1 PARASITOLOGY
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases Pub Date : 2025-05-12 eCollection Date: 2025-05-01 DOI:10.1371/journal.pntd.0013111
Sergio Castañeda, Jeff Tomiak, Lee O'Brien Andersen, Claudia Patricia Acosta, Luis Reinel Vasquez-A, Christen Rune Stensvold, Juan David Ramírez
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: The role of Blastocystis, a common intestinal parasitic protist of humans and other animals, in human health and disease remains elusive. Recent studies suggest a connection between Blastocystis colonization, healthier lifestyles, and high-diversity gut microbiota. Nevertheless, studies concerning the relationship between Blastocystis colonization, its intensity, and gut microbiota composition -involving both bacterial and eukaryotic communities- remain limited.

Methods: This study examines the impact of Blastocystis carriage and colonization intensity on gut microbiota composition in a rural community in Colombia. A total of 88 human samples were collected from the rural population of Las Guacas village, located in the Cauca department in southwest Colombia. We utilized 16S and 18S rDNA sequencing to analyze both bacterial and eukaryotic microbiota, comparing Blastocystis-positive and -negative individuals, as well as groups with varying Blastocystis colonization intensity (low, medium, high), to identify distinct microbiota profiles and differentially abundant taxa linked to each condition.

Results: The analysis revealed significant differences between Blastocystis-positive and -negative individuals. In terms of bacterial composition and structure, Blastocystis-positive individuals exhibited distinct microbiota profiles, as shown by beta diversity analysis. Taxa associated with colonization included Bacteroides, Prevotella, Oscillibacter, Faecalibacterium, and Alistipes. Higher Blastocystis colonization intensity was associated with an increased abundance of taxa such as Alistipes and Lachnospira, while lower intensities correlated with beneficial bacteria such as Akkermansia. Regarding eukaryotic composition, beta diversity analysis revealed distinct profiles associated with Blastocystis colonization. Differentially abundant taxa, including Entamoeba coli, were more prevalent in Blastocystis-positive individuals, while Blastocystis-negative individuals exhibited a higher abundance of opportunistic fungi, such as Candida albicans. Machine learning models, including random forest classifiers, supported these findings, identifying Faecalibacterium and Bacteroides as predictors of Blastocystis colonization.

Conclusions: These findings suggest that Blastocystis may modulate gut microbiota, contributing to microbial balance providing new insights into the ecological implications of Blastocystis in rural populations.

哥伦比亚非西化农村人口中囊虫携带和定植强度对肠道菌群组成的影响
背景:囊虫是人类和其他动物常见的肠道寄生原生生物,其在人类健康和疾病中的作用尚不清楚。最近的研究表明囊虫定植、健康的生活方式和高多样性的肠道微生物群之间存在联系。然而,关于囊虫定植及其强度与肠道微生物群组成(包括细菌和真核生物群落)之间关系的研究仍然有限。方法:本研究考察了哥伦比亚农村社区囊虫携带和定植强度对肠道微生物群组成的影响。从位于哥伦比亚西南部考卡省的拉斯瓜卡斯村的农村人口中共收集了88个人类样本。我们利用16S和18S rDNA测序来分析细菌和真核微生物群,比较Blastocystis阳性和阴性个体,以及不同Blastocystis定殖强度(低、中、高)的群体,以确定不同的微生物群概况和与每种条件相关的差异丰富的分类群。结果:分析显示囊胚阳性和阴性个体之间存在显著差异。在细菌组成和结构方面,正如beta多样性分析所显示的那样,blastocystis阳性个体表现出不同的微生物群特征。与定植相关的分类群包括拟杆菌、普雷沃氏菌、Oscillibacter、Faecalibacterium和Alistipes。较高的囊胚定植强度与Alistipes和Lachnospira等分类群的丰度增加有关,而较低的定植强度与Akkermansia等有益细菌相关。在真核生物组成方面,β多样性分析揭示了与囊胚定植相关的独特特征。包括大肠内阿米巴在内的差异丰度分类群在囊胚阳性个体中更为普遍,而囊胚阴性个体则表现出更高丰度的机会性真菌,如白色念珠菌。包括随机森林分类器在内的机器学习模型支持这些发现,确定Faecalibacterium和Bacteroides是囊胚定植的预测因子。结论:这些发现表明囊虫可能调节肠道微生物群,有助于微生物平衡,为囊虫在农村人群中的生态学意义提供了新的见解。
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来源期刊
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases PARASITOLOGY-TROPICAL MEDICINE
自引率
10.50%
发文量
723
期刊介绍: PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases publishes research devoted to the pathology, epidemiology, prevention, treatment and control of the neglected tropical diseases (NTDs), as well as relevant public policy. The NTDs are defined as a group of poverty-promoting chronic infectious diseases, which primarily occur in rural areas and poor urban areas of low-income and middle-income countries. Their impact on child health and development, pregnancy, and worker productivity, as well as their stigmatizing features limit economic stability. All aspects of these diseases are considered, including: Pathogenesis Clinical features Pharmacology and treatment Diagnosis Epidemiology Vector biology Vaccinology and prevention Demographic, ecological and social determinants Public health and policy aspects (including cost-effectiveness analyses).
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