[Epidemiological and Functional Characterization of Older Adults in the Cardiovascular Health and Elderly Programs in Primary Care Centers in Chile].

Abstract

The rapid increase in the older adult population (OA) in Chile will present challenges associated with chronic diseases and dependency. It is projected that by 2050, older adults will represent 32% of the country's population, with those over 80 years old experiencing the highest growth.

Aim: Characterize chronic non-communicable diseases (CNCD) and functionality in older adults of the third and fourth age seeking care at Primary Health Care (PHC) Centers within the public system during the year 2018 in Chile.

Material and methods: The study design was an analytical cross-sectional observational study. The P series of Monthly Statistical Records from 2018 of older adults aged 65 and over consulting PHC centers nationwide was used. Third age was defined as 65-79 years old, and fourth age as 80 years and older.

Results: Out of 1.780.439 elderly individuals studied, 76% belonged to the third age group (65-79 years), with 58% being women. The fourth age group (80 years and older) showed a higher prevalence of chronic diseases. Both groups predominantly exhibited self-sufficiency (no risk, at risk, and risk of dependency), with 91,05% in the third age and 67,54% in the fourth age. This represents a dependency 3,63 times higher in the fourth age compared to the third age.

Conclusions: This study reveals significant differences between the third and fourth age. Recognizing these disparities is crucial for planning interventions and policies that promote better quality of life and autonomy for older adults.